Coking coals

P. J. Wilson and J. H. WeUs, Coal, Coke, and Coal Chemicals, McGraw-HiU Book Co., Inc., New York, 1950. 

Other includes net imports of coal coke and electricity produced from wood, waste, wind, photovoltaic, and solar thermal sources connected to electric utihty distribution systems. It does not include consumption of wood energy other than that consumed by electric utiUty industry. 

Acetylene traditionally has been made from coal (coke) via the calcium carbide process. However, laboratory and bench-scale experiments have demonstrated the technical feasibiUty of producing the acetylene by the direct pyrolysis of coal. Researchers in Great Britain (24,28), India (25), and Japan (27) reported appreciable yields of acetylene from the pyrolysis of coal in a hydrogen-enhanced argon plasma. In subsequent work (29), it was shown that the yields could be dramatically increased through the use of a pure hydrogen plasma. 

In carbon adsorption, contaminants are physically attracted or adsorbed on the surface of the carbon. Adsorption capacities are high for carbon because its porous nature provides a large surface area relative to its volume. Activated carbon is prepared from lignite, bituminous coal, coke, wood, or other organic materials such as coconut shells. 

The radiation from a flame is due to radiation from burning soot particles of microscopic andsubmicroscopic dimensions, from suspended larger particles of coal, coke, or ash, and from the water vapor and carbon dioxide in the hot gaseous combustion products. The contribution of radiation emitted by the combustion process itself, so-called chemiluminescence, is relatively neghgible. Common to these problems is the effect of the shape of the emitting volume on the radiative fliix this is considered first. 

Ashes and residues. These are the materials remaining from the burning of wood, coal, coke, and other combustible wastes. 

Fuel. Wood, paper, coal, and gas are just a few of tlie products commonly tliought of as fuels. However, from a chemical standpoint, tlie conunon fuel elements are carbon (C) and hydrogen (H). Carbon is found in coal, coke, lignite, and peat. Otlier carbon fuels include fat, petroleum, and natural gas. Hydrogen is conunonly found in conjunction witli tliese carbon compounds. 

Complexing extraction of pyridine bases from coal coking products with organic solvents 97KGS3. 

Steinkohlen-verkohlung, -verkokung, /. coking of coal, coking, -zeit, /- Coal Age, Carboniferous. 

Table 10.21 Typical coal coke specification for cathodic protection ...

Catechol is also obtained from coal coking and from certain wood residues. Vanillin (synthetic vanilla flavoring) is a catechol derivative. Resorcinol and hydroquinone are currently made by the same type of chemistry used... 

Coal, coke, petroleum crude oil, residual fuel oil... 

The type of heating with respect to size or whether continuous or intermittent operation is involved. In the case of intermittent operation, coal, coke, producer and water gas are obviously unsuited... 

This incendiary is very good for use against all kinds of wooden structures, including heavy beams and timbers. It also works well on paper, rags, straw, excelsior, and other tinder type materials. It will start fires in open containers of flammable liquids, piles of coal, coke, or lumber, and on baled rags and paper. It is not effective against metal. 

Some chemical processes use energy directly to drive the transformation. For example, the conversion of iron ore, iron oxide, to iron metal requires chemical energy to remove the oxygen atoms. In early times the iron ore was heated with charcoal in more recent times it is heated with refined coal (coke), but in both cases the result is conversion of coal or wood into carbon monoxide, which is toxic but can be burned to carbon dioxide to generate needed heat. There is now interest in devising processes that do not use carbon in this way, but use electrical energy to avoid the production of carbon oxides. 

Herbes, S.E. (1981) Rates of microbial transformation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and sediments in the vicinity of coal-coking waste water discharge. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 41, 20-28. 

Ovens can be heated by gas, oil, coal, coke, wood or steam. If an oven is steam heated there has to be a steam boiler elsewhere to generate the steam. This should not be confused with steam baking where steam is introduced into the oven to give a particularly crisp crust. A low technology way of doing this is to put a tray of water in the bottom of the oven. 

High Temperature Winkler (HTW) Coal Qignites, hi volatile bituminous), coal/coke mix, peat MHV Methanol, ammonia, IGCC (built 36 and 300 MW, designed 400 MW) 140... 

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