Coal, bituminous, trace elements

Palmer, C.A., Lyons, P.C., Brown, Z.A. and Moe, J.S. (1990) The Use of Rare Earth and Trace Element Concentrations in Vitrinite Concentrates and Companion Whole Coals (hvA bituminous) to Determine Organic and Inorganic Associations, Geological Society of America Special Paper 248, pp. 55-62. 

Ford, C.T. Care, R.R. Bosshart, R.E. "Preliminary Evaluation of the Effect of Coal Cleaning on Trace Element Removal" Report 3, Trace Element Program, Bituminous Coal Research, Inc., 1976. 

F, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, S, Sb, Se, and Zn. The comparison of partitioning data previously developed for bituminous and subbitum-inous coals with samples of lignite, bottom ash, and fly ash from two Texas lignite-fired power plants showed great variability in results. Therefore few conclusions regarding trace element partitioning as a function of coal rank can be drawn at this time,... 

The contents of some trace elements in the continental crust, shales, soils, bituminous coals and plankton are given in Table 1.1 to provide some perspective when considering other aspects of these elements. In each of these situations, organic matter is associated with the elements to a greater or a lesser degree. This is not usually very marked with crustal rocks except shales, but may be a major factor for some elements in surface soils and coals. The data in Table 1.1 show that, for some elements, e.g. beryllium, cadmium, cobalt and molybdenum, the contents of the various reservoirs are similar, while for others, there may be enrichments relative to the crust, e.g. boron and sulfur in many shales, soils and coals, mercury, nickel and selenium in many shales, and germanium in some coals. 

Kai K, Kata Y, Kikkawa H, Imada N. New SCR catalyst with improved mercury oxidation activity for bituminous coal-fired boilers. Proceedings of the International conference on Air Quality VI Mercury, trace elements, SO3, Particulate Matter, and Greenhouse Gases, 2007, Arlington, VA, Sept 24-27. 

The maturity of GD-MS as a technique capable of routinely providing complete chemical analyses at the ultra-trace level for insulating solid materials has dearly been demonstrated by quantification of a full range of elements (from Li to U) in coal and coal fly ash [814]. The samples were mixed with high-purity Ag powder as the binder and pressed into a pin-shaped pellet by means of a polypropylene mold. Critical aspects of the determination process were the inhomogeneous distribution of elements within and among the fly ash partides and the purity of the binder. The presence of highly volatile compounds hindered application of the method to bituminous coal. 

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