Clove essential oils drying

In 1993, the United States imported nearly 22 x 10 kg of essential oils at a total value of almost 190 x 10 , an increase over 1992 of ca 2.3 X 10 kg and 935,000. Table 1 fists the quantities and values of 35 imported essential oils. The United States exports seven principal essential oils orange, lemon, peppermint, spearmint, cedarwood, clove, and nutmeg. The latter two are not grown in the United States but are imported as dried spice, processed for oil, and then exported. 

Pimento Berry Oil. The pimento or allspice tree, Pimenta dioca L. (syn. P. officinalis, Liadl.), a native of the West Indies and Central America, yields two essential oils of commercial importance pimento berry oil and pimenta leaf oil. The leaf oil finds some use ia perfumery for its resemblance to clove leaf and cinnamon leaf oils as a result of its high content of eugenol. Pimento berry oil is an item of commerce with extensive appHcation by the flavor industry ia food products such as meat sauces, sausages, and pickles, and moderate use ia perfumery, where it is used primarily as a modifier ia the modem spicy types of men s fragrances. The oil is steam-distilled from dried, cmshed, fully grown but unripe fmits. It is a pale yellow Hquid with a warm-spicy, sweet odor with a fresh, clean topnote, a tenacious, sweet-balsamic-spicy body, and a tea-like undertone. A comparative analysis of the headspace volatiles of ripe pimento berries and a commercial oil has been performed and differences are shown ia Table 52 (95). 

Clove leaves yield 3.0. 8% essential oil (Raina et al., 2001). In Zanzibar, oil is distilled from dried fallen leaf or fresh leaf... 

Synonyms oil of cade empyreumatic oil of juniper oil of juniper tar Haarlem oil Harlem oil Tilly drops Holland balsam silver drops silver balsam Kaparlem Caparlem cade oils juniper tar oil cade oil Juniperus oxycedrus L. oil cade oil rectified Uses use in perfumery is limited to situations where a smoky leathery, woody phenolic, dry and warm note is called for in forest notes, leather bases, fougeres, pine for men s fragrances and in the imitation of certain essential oils and oakmoss has certain disinfectant properties for which it can be utilized in soap perfumes, for example combined with thyme, origanum, clove, and similar phenolic oils (if the discoloration creates no serious problem) and with cassia oil, Melaleuca alternifolia emd Ocotea pretiosa in the flavoring of meat and seafood, to which it imparts the smoke note previously obtained in a regular smokehouse in eczema and psoriatic medications... 

Cloves, dry flower buds of the Eugenia caryophyllata (Myrtaceae) tree, native to Zanzibar and other South and Southeast Asia countries, contain 15-20% of the essential oil, the main part (80-90%) of which is eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol). Eugenol (see Section 8.2.3.1.2) has a characteristic smell of clove and a slightly pungent taste. 

---