Conventional energy supply

Since the supply of hydrogen in the long term depends on different technical and energy policy developments and frame conditions, such as the expansion of renewable energy sources, the development of clean coal technologies or the required reduction of C02 emissions, hydrogen production is simultaneously closely linked to the conventional energy supply system. 

The extensive use of conventional energy supplies is causing many serious problems to the global environment. Moreover, sooner or later the fossil fuels are going to be exhausted and if nuclear power is not to be depended on solely, alternative methods for harnessing solar power, which is clean, nonhazardous, enormous, and ever lasting have to be developed. There are numerous ways to convert the s olar radiation directly into electrical power or chemical fuel [1]. However, the capital cost of such devices is not attractive for large-scale applications. 

Every continent on the planet is surrounded by a cleaner, safer, more efficient energy resource. As conventional energy supplies are depleted, means are being developed, and in some cases are in actual operation, to convert the energy found in waves, tidal currents, ocean and river currents, ocean thermal gradients, and offshore wind into usable electric power for utility-scale grids, independent power producers, and the public sector. 

Comparison with Conventional Energy Supply Systems... 

The simplest nutritional role of fats in the diet is that of energy supply. There are differences between members of the same class of food materials, but the accepted convention attributes a value of 9 kcal (37.7 kJ) of energy per gram of fat, and 4 kcal (16.7 kJ) of energy per gram of all carbohydrates and proteins. This is a serious consideration in generating weight loss diets. 

Total primary energy supply is calculated using the IEA conventions, among others the physical energy content method for renewable sources (IEA, 2006a 2007) (see also Section 3.1). 

Renewable hydropower has long provided a significant contribution to the U.S. energy supply. Today, hydropower is competitive with other forms of conventionally generated electricity. 

Conventional batteries supply electrical energy from the chemical reactants stored within them when these reactants are consumed, the battery is dead . An alternative approach would be to feed the reactants into the cell as they are required, so as to permit the cell to operate continuously. In this case the reactants can be thought of as fuel to drive the cell, hence the term fuel cell. 

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