Classification of fuels

Classification of Fuel-Cycle Wastes. As indicated in the second level of the hierarchy in Figure 1.1, radioactive waste that... 

These considerations lead to an important conclusion regarding the relationship between classification of fuel-cycle wastes and requirements for their disposal—namely, that the selection of acceptable systems for disposal of fuel-cycle wastes does not depend on the definitions of waste classes. Rather, the types of disposal systems that are expected to provide adequate protection of public health (e.g., a near-surface facility or a geologic repository) are selected based on the radiological properties of waste, essentially without regard for how the waste is classified. Thus, general requirements for disposal are not affected by the qualitative, source-based, and ambiguous definitions in the classification system for fuel-cycle waste. 

Table 3.2 Classification of fuel cells and their main characteristics...

A detailed classification of fuel groups with regard to conditions of application, type, properties and characteristics establishes the groups of products for each category and these are provided by separate parts of ISO 8216. Thus, parts designated as ISO 8216/1, ISO 8216/2, ISO 8216/4 which have been developed are based on these standards. The Russian standards are included in the international standards system ... 

This classification of fuels does not aim to be an extensive list. Besides standardized fuels, there are many kinds of fuel such as waste gas and liquid wastes coming from different types of productions. Here we focus on gaseous and liquid fuels solid fuels are only marginally mentioned since they are rarely combusted in typical power burners. 

The most common classification of fuel cells is by the type of electrolyte used as shown in Table 1 which summarizes the most commonly used fuel cell technologies and their applications. The operating temperature and useful life of a fuel cell dictate the physicochemical and thermomechanical properties of materials used in the cell components (i.e., electrodes, electrolyte, intercoimect, cm-rent collector, etc.)... 

Principles, Functions, and Classification of Fuel Cells 435 Tab. 2 Operating parameters of different types of fuel cells... 

General Aspects and Classification of Fuel Cell Systems. Despite their... 

Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that convert chemical energy contained in fuel directly into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions. Fuel cells consist of an anode, where the fuel is oxidized, a cathode where the oxidant is reduced and an electrolyte which separates anode from cathode and conducts ions. The general classification of fuel cells is usually based on the type of electrolyte used, and their operation conditions are typically related to the characteristics of the electrolyte. More detailed discussion of fuel cells as stand-alone power sources can be found in the next chapter of this book. 

Table 3.2. Classification of fuel cells on the basis of temperature...

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