Circulating pumps, discussion

The paper discusses operating limitations imposed by the turbine exhaust element and the alternatives presently available to the electric utility industry. It also presents tools for estimating dry tower plot area, fan power and circulating pump power requirements. It shows the savings in fan power which can be expected with a decrease in turbine-generator load and ambient air temperatures. It discusses expected maintenance costs and the owner s possible exposure with a large 1000 MW dry cooling tower system. The paper ends with an evaluation of the potential for lower dry tower system costs in the future. 12 refs, cited. 

The important problems in solution and slurry circulating pumps are discussed below. ... 

Changes in climate and meridional overturning circulation are likely to affect plankton species distributions. As discussed in Chapter 25.5.3, such changes have the potential to alter the biological carbon pumps. The associated feedbacks are also likely to be affected due to synergistic interactions with other pollution problems including nutrient loading. 

Heart disease is any condition that diminishes the hearts ability to pump blood. A common heart disease is arteriosclerosis, a buildup of plaque on the inside walls of arteries. As discussed in Section 13.8, plaque deposits are mostly an accumulation of low-density lipoproteins, which are high in cholesterol and saturated fats. Plaque-filled arteries are less elastic and have a decreased volume. Both these effects make pumping blood more difficult, and the heart becomes overworked and weakens. Accumulated damage to heart muscle from arteriosclerosis or other stresses can result in abnormal heart rhythms, known as arrhythmia. Chest pains, known as angina, result from an insufficient oxygen supply to heart muscles. Ultimately, the weakened heart does not adequately circulate blood to the body. People with heart disease have decreased stamina and frequently need to catch their breath. 

Circulation. The vessel is filled with cleaning solution and allowed to stand for a short time, after which the solution is either agitated to increase internal circulation, or circulated through an auxiliary system (called a clean-in-place system, as discussed later). FVesh makeup solution can be pumped in if used solution is withdrawn. In boilers, nitrogen can provide agitation for more-effective scale removal. 

The automated system is controlled by a specially designed programmer which controls the potentiostat, the recorder, two peristaltic pumps, and five solenoid-operated valves which alternately circulate a mercuric nitrate solution, a seawater sample, or a standard solution through the electrode assemblage. Automated analyses for copper, zinc, cadmium, and lead were made on the pier of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, San Diego, Calif., and aboard ship in Puget Sound, Wash. This report describes the automated system, discusses the performance of the electrode imder continued use, and presents the results obtained in the field. 

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