Ciona

Takeuchi, K. et al., A genome-wide survey of genes for enzymes involved in pigment synthesis in an ascidian, Ciona intestinalis, Zool Scl, 22, 723, 2005. 

Bellas J, Vazquez E, Berras R. 2001. Toxicity of Hg, Cu, Cd, and Cr on early developmental stages of Ciona intestinalis (Chordata, Ascidiacea) with potential apphcation in marine water quality assessment Water Res 35 2905-2912. 

Sea squirt, Ciona intestinalis California Tunic Viscera... 

Baird, W.M., R.A. Chemerys, L. Diamond, T.H. Meedel, and J.R. Whittaker. 1982. Metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene by Ciona intestinalis. Pages 191-200 in N.L. Richards and B.L. Jackson (eds.) Symposium Carcinogenic Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. U.S. Environ. Protection Agency Rep. 600/9-82-013. 

Catfish Parapinopsin (afo2bou) Ciona Opsin 1 (abo5S6S2)... 

Tetsukawa, A., Nakamura, J., and Fujiwara, S. (2010). Identification of chondroitin/derma-tan sulfotransferases in the protochordate, Ciona intestincdis. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 157, 205-212. 

Santos, J. A., Mulloy, B., and Mourao, P. A. (1992). Structural diversity among sulfated alpha-L-galactans from ascidians (tunicates). Studies on the species Ciona intestinalis and Herdmania menus. Eur. J. Biochem. 204, 669-677. 

Oroidine (138) and its dimer mauritiamine (139) from the sponge Agelas mauritiana inhibit larval metamorphosis at ED50 values of 19 and 15 (jg/ml, whereas 4,5-dibromopyrrole-2-carbamide promotes larval metamorphosis of the ascidian Ciona savignyi at a concentration of 2.5 (jg/ml [109]. 

Fig. 1. Expression screen dot blots of (A) Xylella samples and (B) Ciona samples, grown for 4 h or overnight (o/n) at 18, 25, 30, and 37°C. The standard curve is shown below. The spots outlined with squares indicate samples that would be chosen for protein purification.

Georges D, Schwabe C. Porcine relaxin, a 500 million-year-old hormone The tunicate Ciona intestinalis has porcine relaxin. FASEB 1999 13 1269. 

Several partially characterized inhibitors have been described from the marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas tunicata, isolated from the tunicate Ciona intestinalis. This bacterium produces a diversity of metabolites, each of which specifically inhibits the settlement of invertebrate larvae... 

Holmstrom, C., Rittschoff, D., and Kjelleberg, S., Inhibition of settlement by larvae of Balanus amphitrite and Ciona intestinalis by a surface-colonizing marine bacterium, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 58, 2111, 1992. 

Two-stimulus systems for settlement and metamorphosis may also be required for recruitment of larvae of at least some ascidian, oyster, and barnacle species. Wieczorek and Todd52 reported that settlement and metamorphosis of the solitary ascidian Ciona intestinalis can be temporally separate and are possibly induced by different environmental cues. Those authors note, however, that the exact nature of the respective cue(s).need(s) yet to be further characterized before any conclusions can be reached. ... 

Tsukamoto, S., Hirota, H., Kato, H., and Fusetani, N., Urochordamines A and B larval settle-ment/metamorphosis-promoting, pteridine-containing physostigmine alkaloids from the tunicate Ciona savignyi, Tetrahedron Lett., 34, 4819, 1993. 

Trivedi, S., T. Ueki, N. Yamaguchi, and H. Michibata. 2003. Novel vanadium-binding proteins (vanabins) identified in cDNA libraries and the genome of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1630 64—70. 

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