Cigarettes, radiation exposure

Exposure to cigarette smoke Exposure to ozone Exposure to ionizing radiation... 

Lundin, F. E., J. W. Lloyd, E. M. Smith, V. E. Archer and D. A. Holaday, Mortality of uranium miners in relation to radiation exposure, hard-rock mining and cigarette smoking-1950 through September 1967, Hlth. Phys., 16 571-578 (1969). 

Prentice, R., YashimOTO, Y, and Mason, M.W. (1983). Relationship of cigarette smoking and radiation exposure to cancer mortality in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, J. NatL Cancer Inst. 70,611. 

Using information on pages 776 and 778 of your text, compare the radiation exposure from a chest X ray to the exposure from smoking two packs of cigarettes a day for a year. 

The authors commented that it is possible that multiple epidural glucocorticoid injections had contributed to cataract formation. The patient also had several other risk factors for cataracts (cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, exposure to ultraviolet radiation, low socioeconomic class, and low intake of antioxidant vitamins). However, the role of these other risk factors was speculative. 

Hazelton, W. D., Luebeck, E. G., Heidenreich, W. F., and Moolgavkar, S. H. (2001). Analysis of a historical cohort of Chinese tin miners with arsenic, radon, cigarette smoke, and pipe smoke exposures using the biologically based two-stage clonal expansion model. Radiat Res 156, 78-94. 

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