Chymopapain

Chymopapain [9001 -90-6] derived from the latex of the papaya tree, produces improvement in lower back pain and sciatica in the majority (75%) of recipients (185—189) when injected into the lumbar intervertebral disks of patients suffering from herniated disk (the nucleus pulposus). This treatment degrades the proteoglycans of the diseased nucleus pulposus, resulting in shrinkage of the disk and reduction of pressure on the nerve roots (190). 

CoUagenase specifically cataly2es the hydrolysis of coUagen, and is used in debridement of dermal ulcers and bums (191). It, like chymopapain, is also useful in the treatment of herniated lumbar disks (192,193). The rationale for coUagenase treatment in this instance is based on the preponderance of coUagen in herniated disk tissue, and the inabiUty of other en2ymes to dissolve coUagen (194). 

Structural Formula Chymopapain Is a sulfhydryl enzyme similar to papain. Has components of molecular weight about 35,000. 

Proteins free-sulfvdrvl papain and chymopapain (papaya, Carica papaya L., Violales, Ang. native to S Amwica, cultivated in Zaire, Uganda, Tanzania, and the East) and brcmelain (pineapple. Ananas comosum, Bromeliales, Ang. native to S America, cultivated in Africa) NO-releasing heme nitrqjhwin (blood-sucking Ins. Rhodnius prolixux Walker 1999). 

The use of enzymes, such as papain, to cleave beadxell rosettes has also been investigated chymopapain, used at 200 U/mL of cells (107/mL m TC199 tissue-culture medium) for 10 mm at 37°C, has been found to be most effective and least toxic to KGla human leukemia cells, giving 100% recovery of viable cells (45)... 

The influence of eutectic media on the kinetics and productivity of biocatalysts has yet to be fully elucidated. Syntheses in eutectic suspensions have been scaled up to the pilot scale in a rotating drum reactor. The bioactive peptide Na-Cbz-L-Lys(Ne-Cbz)-Gly-L-Asp(OAll)-L-Glu(OAll)OEt was synthesized via a sequential N-to-C strategy in a heterogeneous solid-liquid mixture of the substrates in the presence of chymopapain and subtilisin as well as 16-20% (w/w) water and ethanol (Gill, 2002). At substrate concentrations of around 1 m, yields of 67-74% per step at product concentrations of 0.36, 0.49, and 0.48 kg kg-1 were achieved. The corresponding space-time yields were between 0.30 and 0.64 kg (kg d)-1 and biocatalyst reuse provided productivities of 166-312 kg product (kg enzyme)-1. 

Kunimitsu and Yasunobu showed that by modification of the former method, two chymopapains could be purified, namely, the engine purified in... 

When this purification procedure was applied to spray-dried latex, the papain was often contaminated with chymopapain [14]. 

The first attempts to resolve the complexity of die chymopapain fraction,... 

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