Chromosome 6 genomic sequences, chromosom

SNP Single nucleotide polymorphism. Refers to the fact that single nucleotide genetic variation in genome sequence exists at discrete loci throughout the chromosomes. Measurement of allelic SNP differences is useful for gene mapping studies. 

The recent sequencing of the human genome [51] has opened the door to the statistical analysis of genomic sequence complexity on a chromosomal scale. 

Let us now consider how knowledge of bacterial sex factors and of phage K permitted the mapping of bacterial chromosomes. Together with the use of restriction endonucleases these techniques gave us the first precise physical maps of bacterial chromosomes and pointed the way toward the determination of complete genome sequences. 

Recent data from the Chimpanzee Genome Project have revealed that the chimpanzee KLK locus is strikingly similar to the human locus, spans about 350 kb of genomic sequence on chromosome 20, and contains orthologues to all human kallikrein genes, with an overall >99% sequence similarity at the DNA and amino acid levels (our unpublished data). 

Figure 9.1 The Human Genome Project completed the human genome sequence in 2003 using new tools like the computer program shown above. This program provides an automated method of decoding the sequence of base-pairs in DNA fragments extracted from human chromosomes.

Pfeifer GP, Steigerwald SD, Hansen RS, Gartler SM, Riggs AD. Polymerase chain reaction-aided genomic sequencing of an X chromosome-linked CpG island methylation patterns suggest clonal inheritance, CpG site autonomy, and an explanation of activity state stability. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990 87 8252-8256. 

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