Spectra chondroitin sulfates

The urinary excretion of glycosaminoglycans by juvenile cases of vitamin A deficiency and of protein-calorie malnutrition (kwashiorkor) is less than normal (M41). The predominant differences are the absence of hyaluronic acid and the presence of chondroitin sulfate of low sulfate content (C12). Treatment of the cases with vitamin A deficiency restored the glycosaminoglycan spectrum to normal. Decreased urinary glycosaminoglycan levels have also been noted in primary hepatoma (K6). It has been suggested that the urinary excretion pattern of individual glycosaminoglycans is pathognomic of certain hereditary bone diseases (T3). 

Fig. 6.5. Infrared spectra for isomeric chondroitin sulfates. The sodium salt of each polysaccharide (1.0 mg) was mixed with 150 mg of potassium bromide, formed into a film of 0.45 mm thickness (nominal) and compared with a potassium bromide blank. The A sulfate was prepared from bovine nasal cartilage (Mathews and Dorfman, 1953). Chondroitin sulfate B preparations were obtained by fractionation of a sample of )S-heparin from bovine lung (Marbet and Winterstein, 1951). One of these fractions (F-6, top spectrum), contained 20 o of the A sulfate. The C sulfate was a preparation from a human chordoma (Meyer et al, 1956). (Mathews, 1958.)...

Fig. 8 Illustrates this approach as applied to a sample of chondroitin sulfate from whale cartilage. The enzyme reaction (with chon-droltinase AC) was performed directly in the NMR tube starting from a lOZ solution in D2O (a). Immediately after addition of the enzyme the spectrum of the starting material is drastically modified. Signals from the main reaction products i.a. A 4 5-unsaturated-di- and oligosaccharides are especially evident in the lowfield region (olefinic protons) and in the high field region (N-acetyl protons).

Chondroitin, the nonsulfated polysaccharide, has been isolated from the corneal hyaluronosulfate fraction of Meyer (54a), It appears to be the desulfated chondroitin sulfate A or C. Chondrosine, the disaccharide obtained by the acid hydrolysis of this chondroitin, has an infrared absorption spectrum identical with that of the chondrosine of chondroitin sulfate A. An unsaturated acid is present in the disaccharide isolated following the action of pneumococcal hyaluronidase on chondroitin and desulfated chondroitin sulfate (54b),... 

Figure 4. A comparison of the infrared spectrum of chondroitin sulfate (A, Ihsy axis) the coefficient weightings spectrum of the PLS calibration of optical absorbance (A48Q) (B, rhsy axis) the coefficient weightings spectrum of the PLS calibration of the C/S ratio (C, rhsy axis).

The 220-MHz spectra of chondroitin 4- and 6-sulfate, and of dermatan sulfate, were consistent with structures that had previously been proposed for these compounds, in contrast to the 220-MHz spectrum of keratan sulfate.136 The spectra of chondroitin 6-sulfate, keratan sulfate, and viscous solutions of hyaluronic acid showed broad bands, and, for hyaluronic acid, little structural information could be deduced from its spectrum.136... 

In arteriosclerotic processes, the mucopolysaccharide spectrum changes Buddecke (B17) has demonstrated that the amounts of sulfated mucopolysaccharides are increased by 50, whereas the amounts of hyaluronic acid and chondroitin fall to 40% and 15% of their original values, respectively. The increase of sulfated mucopolysaccharides in arteriosclerotic aortae is related to the increased deposition of calcium. 

MPS VII Sly Dysostosis multiplex, hepatosplenomegaly wide spectrum of severity, including hydrops fetalis and neonatal form j8-Glucuronidase Dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate, chondroitin 4-, 6-sulfates... 

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