Choking agent

Choking Agents injure an unprotected person chiefly in the respiratory tract. In extreme cases, membranes swell, lungs become filled with liquid (pulmonary edema), and death results from lack of oxygen. Some agents can also readily pass through the skin to induce systemic intoxication. 

LC50S for inhalation of Choking Agents are as low as 35 ppm (10 minute exposure). 

Pulmonary effects are usually delayed 2 to 24 hours. Exposure to high concentrations may produce immediate symptoms. Generally, the more rapid the onset of symptoms, the more grave the prognosis. 

Choking Agents are nonpersistent. Cold weather may decrease the rate of volatilization of any liquids present and increase persistency. Agents absorbed into porous powders may be significantly more persistent than normal. Decomposition products from the breakdown of some Choking Agents can pose a persistent hazard. 

Due to volahle nature of Choking Agents, there is minimal extended risk except in an enclosed or confined space. Vapors have a density greater than air and tend to collect in low places. Most agents have minimal solubility in water. 

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Chapter Three Choking Agents NITRIC OXIDE - NO... 

Chapter Three Choking Agents PERFLUOROISOBUTYLENE - PFIB... 

Pulmonary/ choking agents phosgene, chlorine, diphosgene, chloropicrin, oxides of nitrogen, and sulfur dioxide. 

Williams, Kenneth E. Detailed Facts About Choking Agent Phosgene (CG). Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD United States Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine, 1996. 

Guide 124 Gases-Toxic and/or Corrosive-Oxidizing Choking Agents... 

Choking Agents Substances that cause physical injury to the lungs by exposure through inhalation. Death results through lack of oxygen. 

Chemical agent Chemical designed for use as a weapon primary types include blister agents, blood agents, choking agents, and nerve agents. 

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