Chlorpromazine, in treatment

Conley RR, Tamminga CA, Bartko JJ, et al (1998). Olanzapine compared with chlorpromazine in treatment resistant schizophrenia. Am J... 

Johnson, G., Gershon, S., 6c Hekimian, L.J. (1968). Controlled evaluation of lithium chlorpromazine in treatment of manic states An interim report. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 9, 563-573. 

The introduction of the phenothiazinc neuroleptic drug chlorpromazine in the treatment of schizophrenia is regarded by many as the most important event in 20th century psychiatry (Table 5.1 Swazey, 1974). Prior to chlorpromazine most schizophrenics could look forward to a lifetime in a state mental hospital. Though chlorpromazine and its successor neuroleptic drugs do not cure the disease, they favorably influence the fundamental symptoms so much that most patients can function reasonably well. Together with the advent of the community mental health move-... 

Fig. 7. SDS-PAGE of bovine-brain CaM after treatment with compounds 19 (0.033 Xg/mL in DMSO) and 20 (0.033 Xg/mL in DMSO). Electrophoresis of 2 Xg samples of bovine-brain CaM in the presence of 1 mM CaCl2. Pretreatment of the CaM samples 1.5 hours at 30 C in the presence of CaCl2 DMSO (A) chlorpromazine in DMSO (B) 19 (C) 20 (D).

Johnson G, Gershon S, Burdock E, et al Comparative effects of lithium and chlorpromazine in the treatment of manic states. Br J Psychiatry 119 267-276, 1971... 

Takahashi R, Sakuma A, Itoh K, et al Comparison of efficacy of lithium carbonate and chlorpromazine in mania report of collaborative study group on treatment of mania in Japan. Arch Gen Psychiatry 32 1310-1318, 1975 Takahashi Y, Kato K, Hayashizaki Y, et al Molecular cloning of the human cholecystokinin gene by use of a synthetic probe containing deoxyinosine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 82 1931-1935, 1985... 

Janicak PG, Bresnahan DB, Sharma R, et al. A comparison of thiothixene with chlorpromazine in the treatment of mania. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1988 8 33-37. 

Langsley DG, Enterline JD, Hickerson GX. A comparison of chlorpromazine and EST in treatment of acute schizophrenic and manic reactions. Arch Neurol Psychiatry 1959 81 384-391. 

Prien RF, Caffey EM, Klett CJ. Comparison of lithium carbonate and chlorpromazine in the treatment of mania. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1972,26 146-153. 

Trials of lithium in patients with acute psychosis (and not just mania) showed that lithium was inferior for the treatment of severely overactive patients, presumably because of its toxicity, but comparable to neuroleptics for the treatment of less overactive patients, regardless of diagnosis (Braden et al. 1982 Johnstone et al. 1988). A trial conducted in the 1960 comparing opium and chlorpromazine in acute schizophrenic patients showed equivalent improvement over three weeks with both drugs (Abse, Dahlstrom, Tolley 1960). 

Prien, R. E, Caffey, E. M., Jr., Klett, C. J. 1972, Comparison of lithium carbonate and chlorpromazine in the treatment of mania. Report of the Veterans Administration and National Institute of Mental Health Collaborative Study Group, Arch.Gen.Psychiatry, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 146-153. 

Olanzapine versus chlorpromazine In 103 previously treatment-resistant patients with schizophrenia were given a prospective 6-week trial of 10-40 mg/day of haloperidol 84 failed to respond and were randomly assigned to a double-blind, 8-week, fixed-dose trial of either olanzapine 25 mg/day alone (n = 42) or chlorpromazine 1200 mg/day plus benzatropine mesylate 4 mg/day (n = 39) (51). There was no significant... 

Avoid imnecessary stimulation, which may induce rigidity and spasms. The primary treatment for spasms and rigidity is sedation with a benzodiazepine, such as midazolam or diazepam. Additional sedation may be provided with propofol or a phenothiazine, usually chlorpromazine. In severe disease prolonged spasms and respiratory dys-fimction will necessitate tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation will be required. If the patient has been intubated and sedation alone is inadequate to control spasms, a neuromuscular blocking drug, e.g., intermittent doses of pancuronium or a continuous infusion of atracurium, will be required. 

I Sedation and Cognition. Sedation must be recognized as an antipsychotic side effect and not as an indication of therapeutic effect. It occurs more frequently with antipsychotics with antihistaminic properties. Chlorpromazine, thioridazine, mesoridazine, clozapine, olanzapine, and quetiapine are most frequently implicated. Administration of most or all of the daily dosage at bedtime (depending on the drug half-life) can decrease daytime sedation and in some patients eliminate the need for hypnotic agents. Sedation occurs early in treatment... 

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