Chlorotriazine dyes

More controlled and efficient fixation is possible when the reactant is applied as a pretreating agent [146]. If nylon given such a pretreatment is subsequently dyed with the conventional chlorotriazine dye Cl Reactive Red 3 (7.2), the substantivity and fixation of the latter are markedly lowered because the anionic XLC residues have reacted with N-terminal amino groups in the fibre. Treatment of the modified nylon with ammonia, however, restores some degree of dyeability. Opposite effects are observed if Cl Reactive Red 3 is reacted with ethylenediamine to form an aminoalkyl derivative (7.131). This nucleophilic dye exhibits a high degree of fixation only on the modified nylon that has been pretreated with XLC. 

Cathodic stripping voltammetric determination of nanomolar level of two anthraquinone-based chlorotriazine dyes at HMDE has also been described [190]. 

Various colors of chlorotriazine dyes are available, including Cibacron Blue, Pro-cion Brilliant Blue, Procion Brilliant Red, Procion Brown, Procion Green, and Procion Yellow. 

Not all homobifunctional reactive dyes that react with cellulose by the nucleophilic addition mechanism are marketed as sulphatoethylsulphones. Thus the bluish red structure 7.74 contains two chloroethylsulphone precursor groups attached via a diethylamine residue and an activated chlorotriazine grouping to the H acid coupling component. The azopyrazolone yellow structure 7.75 depends for its reactivity on sulpha toe thylsulphonamide precursor groups located separately at the diazo and coupler extremities of the molecule. 

The marked differences in substantivity between the various forms of monofunctional vinylsulphone dyes (section 7.3.8) recur to a moderated extent in the Sumifix Supra dyes because of the influence of the substantive triazine ring. The scarlet chromogen (7.77) linked via a chlorotriazine unit to the three variants of the vinylsulphone grouping showed similar trends (Table 7.4) to those already seen for those of Cl Reactive Red 22 tested under the same conditions (Table 7.3). The rate of secondary exhaustion will be easier to control in this instance because of the lower difference in substantivity between the precursor and the vinylsulphone form [37]. 

Majcen-Le Marechal, A., Slokar, Y.M., and Taufer, T., Decoloration of chlorotriazine reactive azo dyes with H202/UV, Dyes Pigment, 33(4), 281-298, 1997. 

By linking heterocyclic ring systems such as triphenbisoxazine with 1,3,5-tri-chlorotriazine brilliant blue and lightfast dyes 20 were developed which are completely metal-free, contain no dianisidine, and have high substantivity on paper. [9]. 

Figure 6.8 Chlorotriazine and vinylsulfone reactive dyes for ink-jet printing of cotton...

The chlorosulfonation of the CuPc system opens the door to the synthesis of reactive dyes, as shown in Fig. 13.137. In this case, aminochlorotriazine 56 reacts with a CuPc-S02Cl intermediate to give a mono-chlorotriazine reactive dye (57), which in turn can be used to make the cationic reactive dye 58. 

Several attempts have been made to bind dyes to starch, amylose, and amylopectin.2307 2454,2455 Other starch-based dyes were prepared from starch and corresponding trichloropyrimidine or chlorotriazine derivatives. It was reported that these base-catalyzed reactions proceeded at room temperature within one day.2456... 

This was obtained from M/s Atlas Dye Chem. Ltd., Ahmedabad, in the form of concentrated effluent ( filtrate from filter press). This effluent contained benzidine based chlorotriazine bis azo dye (see Structure) in addition to significant amounts of dyeing bath salts such as NaCl and KCl. The as-received dye effluent was used for preparing a stock solution of known COD which in turn was used for preparing dye solutions of different initial COD levels. 

Cyanuric chloride is also used for the introduction of a link group into dyes. The S Ar reactivity of the chlorotriazine system leads to covalent bonding with the OH groups of cellulosic fibres, e.g. cotton (reactive dyes, e.g. cibacron and procion dyes, e.g. 12 [175]) ... 

One of the online inununosensor systems developed in recent years and that has attracted much attention is the prototype FIA River ANALyser (RIANA system), which was developed under the European Commission funding. The RIANA system incorporates a multiple analytes immunoanalysis based on total internal reflection fluorescence with 15 minutes for each analysis [109,110]. The transducer consists of a quartz slide with spatially resolved surface modification for antigen immobilization, along which a coupled laser beam propagates by total internal reflection. The antibodies are labeled with Cy5.5 fluorescent dye, which competes with the free analyte. The system has been applied for the detection of chlorotriazines, atrazine, simazine, and isoproturon. Detection limit for isoproturon in river water was 0.14... 

Water repellents with a chlorotriazine or vinyl sulfone functional group react with cellulose in the presence of alkali. Therefore, they are not compatible with cross-linking reactants requiring acid catalysis for the reaction with cellulose. This limitation, in addition to the cost, is one of several reasons why fiber-reactive chemistry developed for dyes has not been successfully adaptable to repellent finishing. 

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