Chlorine oxygen acids

Chlorine oxygen acids and salts, chloric acid and chlorates... 

Ternary compounds are also named by citing the more electropositive constituent first. The various oxidation states of the more electropositive element are designated by a system of prefixes and terminations added to a stem characteristic of the element, except in the case of coordination compounds (qv). Examples are as follows (see Chlorine oxygen acids and salts) ... 

HCIO4, one of the strongest of the mineral acids. The perchlorates are more stable than the other chlorine oxyanions, ie, chlorates, CIO chlorites, CIO or hypochlorites, OCf (3) (see Chlorine oxygen acids and salts). Essentially, all of the commercial perchlorate compounds are prepared either direcdy or indirectly by electrochemical oxidation of chlorine compounds (4—8) (see Alkali and chlorine products Electrochemical processing). 

A 5—6% sodium hypochlorite solution is sold for household purposes, of which the largest use is in laundry. Solutions of 10—15% NaOCl are sold for swimming pool disinfection, institutional laundries, and industrial purposes. Solutions of various strengths are used in household and industrial and institutional (I I) cleaners, disinfectants, and mildewcides. A small amount is used in textile mills. Sodium hypochlorite is also made on site with 30—40 g/L available chlorine for pulp bleaching, but its use is decreasing in order to reduce chloroform emissions (see Chlorine oxygen acids and salts). 

Chlorites and Chlorine Dioxide" under "Chlorine Compounds, Inorganic" in ECT 1st ed., VoL 3, pp. 696—707, byj. F. White, Mathieson Chemical Corp. "Chlorous Acid, Chlorites, and Chlorine Dioxide" under "Chlorine Oxygen Acids and Salts" in ECT 2nd ed., Vol. 5, pp. 27—50, by H. L. Robson, Olin Mathieson Chemical Corp. "Chlorine Dioxide, Chlorous Acid, and Chlorites," in ECT 3rd ed., VoL 5, pp. 612—632, by M. G. Noack and R. L. Doerr, Olin Corp. 

Chlorine-hydrogen hazards, 9 646 Chlorine Institute, 21 831 25 343 Chlorine market, in vinyl chloride manufacture, 25 646 Chlorine monofluoride, 13 123-124 Chlorine monoxide, 8 545t Chlorine oxygen acids/salts, 17 389t Chlorine pentafluoride, 13 125 Chlorine peroxide, oxidation state and stability, 8 545t... 

Kaczur JJ, Cawlfield DW. 1993. Chlorine oxygen acids and salts (CIO2, HCIO2). In Kroschwitz, JI, ed. Kirk-Othmer encyclopedia of chemical technology. Vol. 5. New York, NY John Wiley Sons, Inc., 969-991. 

Vogt H, Balej J, Bennett JE, et al. 1986. Chlorine oxides and chlorine oxygen acids. In GerhartzW, Yamamoto YS, Campbell FT, et al., eds. Ullman s encyclopedia of industrial chemistry. Vol. A6. New York, NY VCH, 483-500. 

As early as 1788, Thomas Henry prepared a bleaching liquor from lime and chlorine, and it became a common practice among bleachers to economize by substituting lime for the more expensive pearlash from wood ashes (123). In 1795 the Hungarian botanist and chemist Paul Kitaibel distilled a mixture of salt, pyrolusite, and sulfuric acid, and passed the liberated chlorine ( oxygenated acid of salt ) into limewater. He made many experiments with solid bleaching powder, and used it to bleach textiles and wax (125). 

CHLORINE OXYGEN ACIDS AND SALTS - DICHLORINE MONOX IDE, HYPOCHLOROUS ACID, AND HYPOCHLORITES] (Vol 5) Alkylketene dimers (AKD)... 

Biocide - piSINFECTANTSAND ANTISEPTICS] (Vol 8) -chlorine dioxide [CM.ORINE OXYGEN ACIDS AND SALTS - CHLOROUS ACID, CHLORITES, AND CM.ORINE DIOXIDE] (Vol 5) -for drilling fluids [PETROLEUM - DRILLING FLUIDS] (Vol 18) -sodiumbromide as [SODIUM COMPOUNDS - SODIUMTALIDES - SODIUMBROMIDE] (Vol 22) -use ofbromides [BROMINE COMPOUNDS] (Vol 4) -use of sodium chlorite [CHLORINE OXYGEN ACIDS AND SALTS - CHLOROUS ACID, CHLORITES, AND CHLORINE DIOXIDE] (Vol 5)... 

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