Chlorinated organic contaminants

Morrow, M. T. and VanDerpool, G., 1988, The Use of a High Efficiency Blower to Remove Volatile Chlorinated Organic Contaminants from the Vadose Zone — A Case Study In Proceedings of the National Water Well Association Second Outdoor Action Conference on Aquifer Restoration, Groundwater Monitoring and Geophysical Methods, Vol. Ill, Las Vegas, NV, pp. 1111-1135. 

Oliver BG, Charlton MN. 1984. Chlorinated organic contaminants on settling particulates in the Niagara River vicinity of Lake Ontario. Environmental Science and Technology 18 903-908. 

The technology is currently being evaluated using bench-scale tests for the treatment of chlorinated organics-contaminated groundwater at selected Department of Energy/Department of Defense (DOE/DOD) sites. The technology is not commercially available. 

In the patent application, Terrapure states that the technology is most applicable to treated chlorinated organic contaminants present in concentrations ranging from 5 to about 200 ppm. 

Gillham RW. In situ treatment of groundwater metal-enhanced degradation of chlorinated organic contaminants. Recent Advances in Ground-Water Pollution Control and Remediation, NATO Advanced Study Institute, Kemer, Antalya, Turkey. New York Kluwer Academic, 1996 249-274. 

Hickey, J. P, Batterman, S.A.,et al (2006) Trends of chlorinated organic contaminants in Great Lakes trout and walleye from 1970 to 1998. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 50(1) 97-110. 

Zhang WX, Wang CB, Lien HL (1998) Treatment of chlorinated organic contaminants with nanoscale bimetallic particles. Catalysis Today 40 387-395... 

Barker JF. 1987. Volatile aromatic and chlorinated organic contaminants in groundwater at six Ontario landfills. Water Pollution Research Journal of Canada 22 33-48. 

Kuntz, K.W. Warry, N.D. (1983) Chlorinated organic contaminants in water and suspended sediments of the lower Niagara River. The Niagara River - Lake Ontario Pollution Problem, ed. R.J. Allan et al. J. Great Lakes Res. , 241-248. 

Chlorinated organic contaminants are found at various sites of interest to the U.S. Air Force. Among these contaminants are compounds such as tetrachloroethylene, dichloroethane, trichloroethylene, chlorobenzene, benzene, toluene, and components of JP-4 jet fuel. These materials have a boiling range of 80° to 232°C, have substantial vapor-pressure at 100°C, and can be steam distilled if present in excess of their solubility limit. To establish the feasibility of thermal recovery of such chemical contaminants, tetrachloroethylene (120.8°C, nbp) was selected as a representative contaminant. Uncontaminated (clean) sandy soil from the vicinity of a waste site was spiked with tetrachloroethylene and used in recovery experiments. 

Percent of Chlorinated Organic Contaminant Remaining by Sonication Alone (20 kHz, 12.3 W/cm ) and Sonication + Vapor Stripping (500 mUmin)... 

Table IX summarizes the first-order rate constants for die four major chlorinated organic contaminants studied (CCU, TCE, TCA, and PCE) for a variety of sonication conditions (aiplied power intensities of 12.3, 25.3, and...

Hydrochloric Chlorinated Hydrocarbons. . Hydrochloric (32%) Chlorinated Organic Contaminates (phase separation —... 

In addition to decomposing chlorinated organic contaminants, iron appears to be useful against other pollutants as well. Iron can degrade dye wastes from textile mills and can reduce soluble Cr(VI) compounds to insoluble Cr(III) products, which are much less harmful. 

Electrochemical degradation utilizes the high redox potential at an anode and the low redox potential at a cathode to oxidize or reduce contaminants. Most applications of electrochemical degradation involved cathodic reduction or anodic oxidation of chlorinated organic contaminants. Schmal et al, (55) showed that pentachlorophenol was sequentially dechlorinated (i.e. reduced) at a carbon fiber cathode. Experiments conducted by Cheng et al. (34) indicated that the composition of the cathode was critical for cathodic reduction of 4-... 

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