Chloramine-T

Toluene-p-sulphonchloro-sodio-amide ( Chloramine-T ), CHjC HjSO-NNaCh. H.O, and Toluene-p-sulphon-dichloro-amide ( Dickloramine-T ), CH3C H4S02Na2. 

Both chloramine-T and dichloramine-T have marked antiseptic properties, chloramine-T being most frequently used because of its solubility in water. Aqueous solutions of chloramine-T can be used either for external application, or for internal application to the mouth, throat, etc, as chloramine-T in moderate quantities is non-toxic its aqueous solution can also be effectively used when the skin has come in contact with many of the vesicant liquid poison-gases, as the latter are frequently organic sulphur or arsenic derivatives which combine with or are oxidised by chloramine-T and are thus rendered harmless. 

Both chloramine-T and dichloramine-T can be readily estimated, because they liberate iodine from potassium iodide quantitatively in the presence of... 

Dichloramine-T and chloramine-T. When p toluenesulphonamide is dissolved in excess of sodium (01 calcium) hypochlorite solution, it is converted into the soluble salt of the N-monochloro derivative ... 

When the dichloramine-T is heated with sodium hydroxide solution, the reverse change occurs and sodium N-chloro-p-toluenesulphoiiamide (chloramine-T) crystallises out on cooling at a suitable concentration ... 

Both chloramine-T and dichloramine-T slowly liberate hypochlorous aeid in eontaet with water and are therefore employed as antiseptics the former is employed in the form of a dilute (e.g., 0-2 per eent.) aqueous solution, and the latter (which is insoluble in water) as a solution in an organic solvent, such as a chlorinated paraffin. 

Chloramine-T is a salt and has no definite m.p. upon heating it loses water of crystallisation and decomposes violently at 175-180°. 

If the cut is Only a minor one, allow it to bleed for a few seconds, see that no glass remains, apply a disinfectant (rectified spirit, Dettol, 1 per cent aqueous chloramine-T solution, or sulpha-pyridine powder) and bandage. 

Cyanide compounds are classified as either simple or complex. It is usually necessary to decompose complex cyanides by an acid reflux. The cyanide is then distilled into sodium hydroxide to remove compounds that would interfere in analysis. Extreme care should be taken during the distillation as toxic hydrogen cyanide is generated. The cyanide in the alkaline distillate can then be measured potentiometricaHy with an ion-selective electrode. Alternatively, the cyanide can be determined colorimetricaHy. It is converted to cyanogen chloride by reaction with chloramine-T at pH <8. The CNCl then reacts with a pyridine barbituric acid reagent to form a red-blue dye. 

OtherH-Chloro Compounds. Sodium N-chlorobenzenesulfonamide (chloramine B) [127-52-6] (4), sodium A/-chloro-/)-toluenesulfonamide (chloramine T) [127-65-1] (5), /V-cb1orosuccinimide [128-09-6] (6), and tricbloromelamine [12379-38-3] (7) have also had minor roles as bleaching agents. 

Sulfonamidates. Chloramine-T, A/-chloro-A/-sodiomethylbenzenesulfonamidate ttihydrate [127-65-1], CH3C3H4S02NClNa-3H20, a white to slightly yellow soHd, effloresces in air losing chlorine, becoming less soluble in water (71). It has a mp of 175°C, an av CI2 of 25%, and is moderately soluble... 

Chloramine-T, sodium A/-chloro-/)-toluenesulfonamide [127-65-17, was widely used during World War I for the treatment of infected wounds, and subsequentiy for hygienic purposes such as mouthwashes, douches, etc. It can be used for sanitising food-handling equipment, but its activity is considerably slower than that of hypochlorites. The Grade A Pasteurized Milk Ordinance (1985) and the Ordinance and Code for Restaurants (1948) of the U.S. Pubhc Health Service permitted the use of chloramine-T. 

Chloramine-T (A -chloro-p-toluenesulfonamide sodium salt) 3H2O [7080-50-4] M 281.7, m 168-170°(dec). Crystd from hot water (2mL/g). Dried in a desiccator over CaCh where it loses water. Protect from sunlight. Used for detection of bromate and halogens, and Co, Cr, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni and Sb ions. 

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