Children radiation exposure

Risk factors associated with childhood AML include Hispanic ethnicity, prior exposure to alkylating agents or epipodophyllotoxins, and in utero exposure to ionizing radiation. Maternal alcohol consumption, parental and child pesticide exposure, and parental benzene exposure are also potential risk factors for childhood AML. 

The early diagnosis of acute haematogenous osteomyelitis is possible with either bone scintigraphy or magnetic resonance imaging, but in the presence of trauma, differentiation may be difficult. Wherever possible, MR imaging should be used to reduce the radiation exposure to the child... 

For all children having an injury to the elbow, the two standard views that should be obtained are the anteroposterior (AP) view with elbow fully extended and the forearm fully supinated (if possible). The other view is the lateral with the elbow at 90 of flexion and the forearm in neutral position. Comparison views of the other elbow should not be part of normal radiographic practice and should only be performed in exceptional circumstances, because of the radiation exposure to the child. 

The advantages of the DIG are its high sensitivity for reflux because of continuous monitoring and lower radiation exposure compared to VCU. For the equivalent radiation burden of one VCU, ten DICs can be undertaken in a 1-year-old and 25 DICs in a 5-year-old child. The disadvantage is that bladder catheterization is required and the anatomical de-... 

Host factors age-at-exposure The magnitude and temporal distribution of radiogenic cancers clearly depend on age-at-exposure, but in no simple, uniform fashion. The dependence probably varies by tumor site. Of particular interest is the question whether e embryo or fetus is very much more sensitive to the carcinogenic action of ionizing radiation than the infant or the young child. Also of interest is the dependence of the temporal distribution of the ag at-exposure effect on the age-specific pattern of natural incidence. 

Child Leukaemia in children due to radiation from atomic bomb (IARC, 2000) Exacerbation of preexisting asthma from exposure to particulates in the air (Parnia et al., 2002) Ionizing radiation and leukaemia in childhood and adulthood (Chowet al., 1996 Ron et al., 1988a)... 

Most of the human studies of vitamin D and autoimmune diseases have focused on diabetes mellitus type 1 and multiple sclerosis. Higher risks of these diseases are generally seen at higher latitudes (e.g. farther north in the northern hemisphere and farther south in the southern hemisphere), which would be areas of relatively low exposure to ultraviolet radiation (Ponsonby et al., 2002). Case-control and prospective studies of maternal and child vitamin D intake have provided some evidence of a protective effect of vitamin D on risk of developing diabetes mellitus type 1... 

My role on the team was to analyze the behavior of the laboratory rats. For each rat 1 charted unusual gait and motor function, ability to right itself, tremors, abnormal head size, irregular behavior, and seizures. I kept thinking back to that day in Nagasaki when, for the first time, I had observed a child with similar neurological manifestations after exposure to radiation. 

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