Chest injury

Blunt chest injury Mechanical artificial heart Atrial septal defect Ventricular septal defect Patent foramen ovale Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula Particularly with right to left shunt Catheterization, angioplasty Primary oxalosis, hydatid cyst... 

Immediate Care Shock, airway problems, chest injury, crush injury, amputation, open fracture Class I (emergent) Red Critical life threatening—compromised airway, shock, hemorrhage... 

Chest Assess and palpate the chest anteriorly and posteriorly. Auscultate breath and cardiac sounds. Obtain a chest X-ray. The elderly rapidly progress to respiratory difficulty in the event of chest injuries. Significant chest injury may be present in children with a lack of blatant signs. 

Inci, E, Ozcelik, C., Nizam, O., Eren, N., Ozgen, G. (1996). Penetrating chest injuries in children A review of 94 cases. Journal of Pediatric Surgery, 31 (5), 673-676. 

FIGURE 53.3 Biomechanics of chest injury by a crushing injury mechanism limited by tolerable compression at Cmax = 35%, a viscous injury mechanism limited by the product of velocity and extent of deformation at VQ = 1.0 m/sec, and a blast injury mechanism for shock wave loading. 

Viano, D.C., Andrzejak, D.V., PoUey, T.Z., and King, A.I., Mechanism of Fatal Chest Injury by Baseball Impact Development of an Experimental Model, Clin. J. Sport Med., 2 166-171,1992. 

Pneumothorax (collapsed lung) Yes/No Lung cancer Yes/No Broken ribs Yes/No Any chest injuries or surgeries Yes/No Any other lung problem that you ve been told about Yes/No... 

Lung ventilation disorders, e.g. pneumothorax, chest injury... 

Up to 53 % of patients with chanical skin injuries may require surgical treatment Such injuries, especially when deliberate chanical assault is involved, often resnlt in disfiguring facial and chest injuries [192, 193] and in some case series they have been responsible for approximately 30 % of fatalities [181,183]. 

Branca et al. found that risk factors indicating preoperative medical instabdity, particularly cardiac or pulmonary insufficiency, predicted the highest risk of PMV (>4 days) after cardiac surgery (44). In a study of 139 cardiac surgery patients, chronic obstructive airways disease was identified as a risk factor for patients requiting seven or more days of MV postoperatively (45). In thoracic trauma patients, the presence of bilateral chest injuries, older age, and severity of concomitant head injury predicted the need for more than seven days of MV (46). 

A part-time helper had drilled and loaded a series of blast holes. His mother and sister were there to observe the blasting. After preparing for the blast, his mother and the other workers left the area. The sister wanted to take pictures of the blast, so she remained. They backed off ISO feet from the blast site to take pictures. When the blast was detonated, the helper was hit on the head by a large piece of flyrock and was killed instantly. His sister suffered massive chest injuries and a punctured lung. 

In the event of a frontal collision, airbags protect the upper part of the body, neck, and head of an occupant. The risk of severe head and chest injuries is significantiy iower when a car is equipped with an airbag. The raw materials for airbags and the production processes were discussed in Sections 2.3.3, 3.6.3,4.6.3, 9.8.3, and 10.2.3. 

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