Chemistry and Metabolism

CHEMICAL NAMES Phosphorothioic acid G-[4-[(dimethylamino) sulfonyl], phenyl] O, O-dimethyl ester Phosphorothioic acid, O, G-dimethyl-, G-ester with p-hydroxy-iV, iV-dimethylbenzene sulfonamide Phosphorothioic acid, G,G-dimethyl G-p-(dimethylsulfamoyl) phenyl ester G-Dimethyl hydrogen phosphorothioate, G-ester with p-hydroxy N, V-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide G-[4-l-(Dimethylamino) sulfonyl] phenyl phosphorothioic acid G,G-dimethyl ester G, G-Dimethyl 0,p-(N, A/-dimethylsulfamoyl) phenyl phosphorothioate G,p-(Dimethylsulfamoyl) phenyl G,G-dimethyl phosphorothioate p-(Dimethylsulfamoyl) phenyl dimethyl phosphorothioate G,G-dimethyl G-[p-(dimethylsulfamoyl)-phenyl] phosphorothioate Dimethyl p-(dimethylsulfamoyl) phenyl phosphorothionate G, G-dimethyl-G,p-(dimethylsulfamoyl) phenyl phosphorothionate 

ALTERNATE NAMES AC 38023, American Cyanamid 38023, Bo-Ana, CL 38023, Cyflee, Dovip, ENT 25644, Famaphos, Famfos, Famophos, Famphos, Fanfos, Warbex, 38023 

Famphur residues of 1.0-3.0mg/kg fresh weight (FW) are common in cattle tissues after normal pour-on applications of the chemical. The half-time persistence of famphur in subcutaneous fat of cattle after a single pour-on application was 0.9 days and was independent of dose within the range of 25.0-150.0 mg/kg BW or initial tissue residues between 1.8 and 12.3 mg/kg FW fat residues were 0.08 mg/kg FW 5 days after treatment and 0.01 mg/kg FW after 11 days. 

Metabolic scheme for famphur in mammals. Major metabolic routes are indicated by an asterisk ( ). A, famphur B, famoxon C, p-(A,A-dimethylsulfamoyl)phenol D, O-desmethylfamphur E, 0,A-bisdesmethylfamphur F, p-(A,A-dimethylsulfamoyl) phenyl glucuronide  

These observations suggest that famphur tissue residues are near or below detection levels within 1 week after treatment, even with gross misuse of the chemical. However, because famphur persists on cattle hair for 90 days at concentrations of 1000.0 mg/kg, this has serious implications on the local populations of birds. 

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Smith-Pease, C.K., Basketter, D.A., and Patlewicz, G.Y., Contact allergy The role of skin chemistry and metabolism. Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, 2, 177, 2003. 

Kaneko H (2010) Pyrethroid chemistry and metabolism. In Krieger R (ed) Hayes handbook of pesticide toxicology, 3rd edn. Elsevier Inc, Amsterdam... 

Kaneko H., (2010) Pyrethroid Chemistry and metabolism, in Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology, 3rd edn (eds R.I. Krieger,... 

C. Hershberger, M. D. Davis, and S. B. Binkley, Chemistry and metabolism of 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid, / Biol. Chem. 243 1585 (1968). 

V. DuVigneaud, A Trail of Research in Sulfur Chemistry and Metabolism. Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca, New York, 1952. 

Sphingolipids were first described in a remarkable treatise on the chemical constitution of the brain by Johann L. W. Thudichum, a physician-scientist in London, who published his findings more than 100 years ago. A major impetus for the study of the chemistry and metabolism of the sphingolipids was the discovery of several rare human diseases that could be attributed to the abnormal accumulation of sphingolipids. This accumulation has been shown to result from a defect in catabolism that normally occurs in lysosomes. It is now known that many different kinds of sphingolipids exist, and more than 300 structures have been reported to occur in nature. 

The chemistry auditor usually audits only the analytical chemistry portions for health effects or ecotoxicology studies and the entire data file for environmental, residue, product chemistry, and metabolism studies. 

Acetonitrile is not highly toxic. What does this say about its toxicological chemistry and metabolism in the body ... 

Richardt AM, Benigni R (2002) AI and SAR approaches for predicting chemical carcinogenicity survey and status report. SAR QSAR Environ Res 13 1-19 Sanderson DM, Earnshaw CG (1991) Computer prediction of possible toxic action from chemical structure the DEREK system. Hum Exp Toxicol 10 261-273 Smith Pease CK, Basketter DA, Patlewicz GY (2003) Contact allergy the role of skin chemistry and metabolism. Clin Exp Dermatol 28 177-183... 

Teles JH, Breuer K, Enders D, Gielen H (1999) One pot synthesis of 3,4-disubstituted l-alkyl-4H-l,2,4-triazol-l-ium salts. Synth Commun 29 1-9 Thorpe SR, Sweeley C (1967) Chemistry and metabolism of sphingolipids. On the biosynthesis of phytosphingosine by yeast. Biochemistry 6 887... 

Two new PTXs were identified in D. acuta from Ireland and mussels (P canaliculus) from New Zealand. Isolation of these compounds from the mussels afforded PTX-2 SA and 1-epi-VYX -l SA (Daiguji et al. 1998), analogues of PTX-2 in which the lactone ring had been lydrolyzed. It appears that PTX-2 SA is produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of PTX-2, and that l-epi-VYX-2 SA is produced by nonenzy matic isomerization of the 7-ketal moiety in PTX-2 S A (see discussion of chemistry and metabolism below). 

Smith Pease CK (2003) From xenobiotic chemistry and metabolism to better prediction and risk assessment of skin allergy. Toxicology 192(1) 1-22. 

Coburn SP. The chemistry and metabolism of the vitamin B6 antagonist, 4-deoxypyridine. Boca Raton, FL CRC Press, 1981. 

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Metabolic Research Unit, University of California—San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143... 

Bhavnani, B.R. (1998) Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of conjugated equine estrogens chemistry and metabolism. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 217, 6-16. 

J. Preiss, Chemistry and Metabolism of Intracellular Reserve. In Bacteria in Natur E. Leadbetter, J. S. Poindexter, Eds. Plenum Publishing Corp. New York, 1989 Vol. 3 (A treatise on the interactions of bacteria and their habitats), pp 189-258. 

Amin, A.N., W.W. Weeks, and R.C. Long Chemistry and metabolism of the essential oil of tobacco during fluecuring. I. Lipids and aromatic constituents 33rd Tobacco Chemists Research Conference, Program Booklet and Abstracts, Vol. 33, Paper No. 42,1979, p. 23. 

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