Degradation, chemical and microbial

Paris, D.F. and Lewis, D.L. Chemical and microbial degradation of ten selected pesticides in aquatic systems. Residue Rev., 45 95-124, 1973. 

Research results revealed that the concrete pit at the Horticulture Station was safe from leakage, did not present a hazard of air pollution, and allowed chemical and microbial degradation of the deposited materials (2). The concrete pit, 12... 

Weintraub, R.A., Jex, G.W., Moye, H.A. (1986) Chemical and microbial degradation of 1,2-dibromomethane (EFB) in Florida groundwater, soil, and sludge. American Chemical Society Symposium Series 315, Evaluation Pesticides Ground Water. pp.294-310. Gamer, W.Y., et al., Eds,. Washington, DC. 

Structure established by chemical and microbial degradation (42, 112, 113) and confirmed by crystallography (150). 

Two summaries of brilliant work carried out at the E.T.H. Zurich are now available these suggest that a unifying stereochemical concept for C15 biosynthesis, such as has been successfully developed for C20 and C30 biosynthesis, may at last be emerging. A feature of the work is the elegantly conceived chemical and microbial degradations that were used to determine the position of the labelled atoms, and in some examples the stereochemistry of C H bonds. These reviews may be briefly summarized under five headings. 

Weintraub RA, Jex GW, Moye HA (1986). Chemical and microbial degradation of 1,2-dibromoethane (EDB) in Florida ground water, soil, and sludge. In Evaluation of Pesticides in Ground Water (eds. WY Garner, RC Honeycutt, HN Nigg). Washington, DC ... 

At temperatures above Tm, chemical and enzymatic degradation of microbial exopolysaccharides is enhanced. The apparent enhanced stability of microbial exopolysaccharides in their ordered confirmation is thought to be due to the glycosidic bonds in the backbone of the polymer which raises the activation energy. This restricted movement would also restrict access of enzymes and chemicals to the backbone. 

Vacuum Distillation Hater is evaporated at reduced pressure and at or near ambient temperature. Nonvolatile organics Slow process when sample volumes are large. Inorganics also concentrated. Sample contamination is low but sample may be modified due to thermal degradation or chemical and microbial reactions. 

Due to its gaseous nature it may have an effect on the stratospheric ozone layer [281, 402, 404]. After injection into soil for fumigation, methyl bromide rapidly diffuses through the soil pore space to the soil surface and then into the atmosphere [159,162,163,405,406]. Since a plastic sheet typically covers the soil surface, the rate of emission into the atmosphere depends upon the thickness and density of the plastic, if other conditions are the same [159, 406]. Other routes of disappearance from soil include chemical hydrolysis, methylation to soil organic matter through free radical reactions, and microbial degradation [ 136,159,405,407]. Several reports appeared on the study of the microbial transformations of methyl bromide, summarized as follows ... 

In addition to the stabilization of pharmaceutical preparations against chemical and physical degradation due to changed environmental conditions within a formulation, certain liquid and semisolid preparations also must be preserved against microbial contamination. 

Once In an evaporation bed, a pesticide can adsorb to a soil colloid, undergo chemical or microbial degradation, or escape from the bed by volatilization. An evaporation bed has the potential advantage over an open pond of decreasing pesticide volatilization while allowing for Increased degradation through microbial and soil-catalyzed reactions. 

Recently, Tanabe has developed a process for the production of D-lysine from L-lysine by successive chemical racemisation and microbial degradation of the remaining L-lysine. 

Blumhorst, M.R. and J.B. Weber (1994). Chemical versus microbial degradation of cyanazine and atrazine in soils. Pestic. Sci., 42 79-84. 

---