Characteristics influence

Optical. The optical properties of fillers and the influence that fillers have on the optical properties of filled systems are often misunderstood. The key parameters in understanding the optical properties of fillers themselves are filler psd, color, and index of refraction. These characteristics influence the optical properties of filled composition, such as color, brightness, opacity, hiding power, and gloss. 

These characteristics influence furnace plan area, furnace volume, and burning zone size reqmred to maintain steam production capacity for a given fuel grade or quahty. 

It has long been recognized that local environmental characteristics influence the rates of material corrosion. After two years of measurements at 39 sites in Europe and North America, significant relationships have been shown between corrosion rates of building materials and atmospheric pollutants( 5). While direction of exposure relative to weather and other factors such as frequency and duration of wetting significantly influence corrosion, Kucera (46) has shown that sulphur oxides are strongly correlated with deterioration of structural materials. 

There was a discrepancy between water salinity limits for the three locations, which may be attributed to factors related to difference in soil texture and stmcture. This affects soil infiltration capacity and water retention. These soil hydrologic characteristics influence salt development in the soil profile, which affects plant... 

In the process of mediated transport, carrier proteins embedded within the plasma membrane assist in the transport of larger polar molecules into or out of the cell. When a given substance attaches to a specific binding site on the carrier protein, the protein undergoes a conformational change such that this site with the bound substance moves from one side of the plasma membrane to the other. The substance is then released. Mediated transport displays three important characteristics influencing its function ... 

In addition to the redox conditions associated with the characteristics of the sewer network as outlined in Table 1.1, a number of other sewer characteristics influence the process conditions. The following examples illustrate the close relations between design and operation characteristics and process conditions ... 

Sensitivity of mastitis pathogens to an antibiotic iri vitro merely indicates potential therapeutic efficacy. The data from clinical trials reflect a lesa encouraging reality, in which both pathogen and host characteristics influence the outcome ( ). Some pathogens are highly tissue-invasive. Once sequestered and metabolically inactive within infection foci they are unaffected by antibiotics that act by disruption of cell wall synthesis, such as penicillins and cephalosporins. ... 

This article studies some of the polymer characteristics influencing the slurry dispersion and describes a new class of acrylic based polymer showing promising dispersing properties for ultra fine calcium carbonate slurries. 

PHARMACOKINETIC CHARACTERISTICS INFLUENCING THE CLINICAL APPLICATION OF INTRAVENOUS AND INHALATIONAL ANESTHETICS ... 

Numerous filler characteristics influence the properties of composites [14,15]. Chemical composition and, in particular, purity of the filler both have a direct and an indirect effect on its application possibilities and performance. Traces of heavy-metal contamination decrease stability. Insufficient purity leads to discoloration, high purity CaC03 has the advantage of a white color, while the grey shade of talc filled composites excludes them from some fields of application. 

Although a number of filler characteristics influence composite properties, particle size, specific surface area, and surface energetics must again be mentioned here. All three also influence interfacial interactions. In the case of large particles and weak adhesion, the separation of the matrix/ filler interface is easy, debonding takes place under the effect of a small external load. Small particles form aggregates which cause a deterioration in the mechanical properties of the composites. Specific surface area, which depends on the particle size distribution of the filler, determines the size of the contact surface between the polymer and the filler. The size of this surface plays a crucial role in interfacial interactions and the formation of the interphase. 

In an evaluation of the diffusion of drugs across the gastrointestinal mucus, the most important physicochemical characteristic influencing the diffusion of most species was lipo-philicity, whereas molecular size had more influence for larger peptide drugs [10]. Binding of... 

Children s exposure to and dose from environmental contaminants are expected to be different from and, in many cases, much higher than those of adults. Both physiological and behavioural characteristics influence children s exposure to environmental contaminants. 

The conventional model developed to explain cell membrane characteristics influencing drug permeability is routinely referred to as the fluid-mosaic model (Figures 2.1 and 2.2). In this model the main components, for our purposes, are a phospholipid (e.g., sphingomyelin and phosphatidylcholine) bilayer (8 nm), with polar moieties at both the external and internal surfaces, and with proteins periodically traversing the phospholipid plane perpendicularly. 

The characteristic influence of aldehydic and alcoholic groups is also clearly shown in the relationship between citronellol, citronellal, and hydroxycitronellal. 

Starting from the spectrum of 7 as a reference, a detailed interpretation of the spectrum of 15 can also be achieved. Essentially the same characteristic influences of GlcNAc-9 may be traced along this route, as described for the step from 6 to 14. 

There appear to be significant differences between the pioneer drug, captopril, and the enalapril analogues. Differences in these characteristics influence mainly the onset and duration of action. Captopril has a short onset time (1 h) and a relatively short duration of action, and therefore is administered three times daily. Captopril has potential drug-food interactions, and is the only agent that should be spaced from meals. Therefore, captopril is no longer used as a first-choice ACE-inhibitor in clinical practice, except for hypertensive emergencies, acute myocardial ischemia, and acute CHF. 

Table 1.2 Physical characteristics influencing the duration and magnitude of exposure for the major environmental compartments...

The idea of obtaining double-layer capacity information may be fruitful. The capacitance of the double layer is dependent on adsorption of the analyte, and the strength and potential dependence of adsorption may indicate the presence of certain functional groups (10). ir-electron interaction between adsorbed molecules and the electrode surface has a characteristic influence on the adsorption behavior of organic substances (10), and specific interactions between the analyte and some other molecule or ion within the double layer may also be helpful in identification (11,12). Some adsorbed organics will inhibit the reduction of metal ions, while others, through the so called "cap-pair" effect will accelerate reductions (13). 

Different plastic characteristics influence processing and properties of plastic products. Table 1.2 reviews these different characteristics that... 

If the crystal structures and hydrogen-bonding patterns of uridine and thymidine and their simpler derivatives are compared with those of cytidine, it becomes obvious that the -NH2 functional group has a characteristic influence. The nucleosides without the -NH2 groups have less than average hydrated crystals, although the one nucleotide represented, uridine-3 -monophosphate, crystallizes as a monohydrate. 

Patients and their doctors are understandably keen to go further than simply defining average or overall prognosis. They want to understand how a combination of particular factors might determine prognosis for the individual concerned How do my particular characteristics influence the likely outcome, doctor ... 

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