Channel Sensors

What would be the most likely interferences encountered by such a sensor in a 

What does this say about the electrostatics of the adsorption process  

Based on this fact, what would you say about the prospect of detecting other large polyelectrolytes based on their charge  

What type of sensor would you select that would utilize the unusually large binding capacity of dendrimers  

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Malins C., Hulme J., Fielden P.R., Goddard N.J., Grating coupled leaky waveguide micro channel sensor chips for optical analysis, Sensor. Actuat. B-Chem 2001 77 671 -678. 

As one might expect, there are six different peaks in the amplitude spectrum of the Fourier-transformed interference pattern located at six different spatial frequencies ky, each of them corresponding to the interference pattern obtained as a result of overlap of the channels that are separated by the specific distance dy. Looking at the selected spatial frequencies at the phase spectrum of the Fourier-transformed interference pattern, the phase of each two-channel sensor can be monitored simultaneously and independently from each other. The difference between distances dy should be designed such that they allow a good separation of the six different peaks. 

The flow-through cuvette that is used for the four-channel sensor is made from Perspex and is 31-mm long and 7-mm wide. It has four flow chambers each with a volume of 1.2 pi (6 mm long and 3 mm wide), see Fig. 10.8. Each chamber of the cuvette has an inlet and outlet that are connected via a tubing system with the sampling reservoirs, which contain solutions to be monitored, and to the waste, respectively. Samples are flowed by means of a peristaltic pump (Ismatec... 

Figure 10. SPR dual-channel sensors based on wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) of sensing channels. WDM of sensing channels by means of altered angles of incidence (upper). WDM of sensing channels by means of a high refractive index overlayer (lower) .

Eteshola, E., Leckband, D., Development and characterization of an ELISA assay in PDMS microfluidic channels. Sensors Actuators B 2001, 72, 129-133. 

Figure 19.9 Top Architectures of ion channel sensor materials M12, M13, and M14. Middle Scheme for protamine detection with M12 and [Fe(CN)6]3 probe. Bottom Scheme for heparin detection with the piotamine-M12 conjugate M13 and [Mo(CN)s]4 probe.

Umezawa Y Aoki H, Ion channel sensors based on artificial receptors, Anal. Chem., 2004,76,320A—326A. 

In the IR spectral region the noise characteristics, typical of the measurement system, have led to the development of multiplex detectors whose operation is based on the use of mathematical transformations such as the Fourier and the Hadamad. With these detection systems, an appropriate encoding (transformation) of the raw spectral signal is performed, which permits simultaneous monitoring of a wide spectral window with a single-channel sensor. A SNR (multiplex) advantage is achieved that is typically proportional to the square root of either the observation time or the number of spectral-resolution elements contained in that spectral window. 

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