Chain stitch

The basic stitch produced in warp knitting is the chain stitch. The yam is looped around the needle stem and another loop of the yam is formed in the hook of the needle and is then pulled through the first loop, itself then becoming the loop held on the needle shaft, whilst another loop is formed in the hook. In this way a chain of interlaced loops is formed. By displacing every other loop onto the next needle, the chains of interlaced loops are linked together to form the simple knotted tricot structure. If one of the yam loops become broken in this type of fabric then the whole fabric, in the line of the yam, will unzip . This problem can be overcome by displacing the throw of the stitches. 

B. Material The cover can be made from any fine weave cotton/polyester, or the new breathable fabric called Gortex , which allows water vapor, "perspiration", to pass through the material fibers without retaining moisture itself.Dimensions of the cover are greater than the pad to allow for flex and expansion.The finished pad/cover unit should be about ll"xl3",or 1/2" wider on each side of pad.The seams can be made by machine or hand.The final seam may be done as a chain stitch to allow for easier removal of pad when cleaning cover. 

C. Construction Material size-12"x25" Step 1 - Fold to size 12"xl3". Sew side seams 1/2" from fold to end. Fold becomes bottom of cover. Carefully insert pad into cover, folded end of pad goes in last. Step 2 - Sew open end of 1/2" from edge, with chain stitch or long basting stitch. Pad should be loose in cover so it will flex when on. DO NOT SEW THROUGH KEVLAR Step 3 - Trim the three sewn edges to within 1/4" of the stitching line. 

Step 5 - Use a stitch with "give"or, 4 stretch in it such as the chain stitch, so thread will expand with the fabric and not break. 

RMeiSiCH diunion equivalent. The reagents are obtained from RMe SiCHBr by treatment with Zn/Pb in THF at 60°. They react with vinylic and allylic halides and can be used in chain stitching processes. 

Carbon chain stitching. The consecutive CuBr-catalyzed addition of a Grignard reagent or phosphonate anion and Wittig olefination performs stitching of two building blocks with a vinyl group as the linchpin. 

It involves columns of chain stitching with yarns traversing between the chain stitches. The principal differences with tricot are that the needles are latch needles and there are 4-48 guide bars, permitting greater variation of knits. 

The stitch style affects the handling of the fabric. A chain stitch (linear) gives good drapeability, whilst a tricot stitch (zig-zag) gives a more stable fabric. A modified tricot stitch can provide optimum drape and stability. 

The loss in strength due to abrasion in the sewing machine is 25% for the upper and 15% for the lower threads in single- and double-thread chain-stitch machines. During sewing, the thread is subjected to mechanical and thermal stresses, resulting in severe thread deformations. These deformations cause stmctural and mechanical damage to the thread and the fibers. 

In these machines, the fabric is stationary during each button cycle, but the needle moves and performs every action. A single-thread chain stitch is made by the machine for button attachment. 

Chain stitches are formed using one or more needle thread(s) and are characterized by intralooping. One or more loops of thread are passed through the material and secured... 

The stitch class 100 includes stitch types 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 107 and 108. One of the simplest of all chain stitch types is 101, which is formed from a single thread. It is used for basting operations in manufacturing garment because it can be easily removed (in positions such as edges, flaps, collars, and so on, it is a temporary stitch). Figure 10.5 shows stitch type 101. 

According to the Mihailovic process of forming a multi-thread chain stitch, there are six phases, as shown in Figure 10.12. 

Stitches in this class are sometimes referred to as double-locked stitches, because the needle thread is interconnected with two loops of the under-thread. Applications of multi-thread chain stitches are seaming operations on all types of garments. 

The most common stitch types in this class are type 401, 402, 404, 406 and 407. Type 401, or the two-thread chain stitch, has the appearance of a lockstitch in the top but has a double-chain effect formed by a looper thread on the underside. The chain generally lies on the under surface of the material, with the needle thread being drawn through to balance the stitch. The loop formation of the chain stitch elongates when extended thus it is used for seams that require elasticity, such as setting sleeves and attaching elastic materials. Stitch type 401 is shown in Figure 10.13. 

These stitches are often called over-edge, overcast, overlock, serge or merrow. Applications of over-edge chain stitches include bolt end, seaming and serging operations. 

Types 515, 516 and 519 are a combination of an over-edge stitch and a 401 chain stitch. This type is called a safety stitch (the chain stitch closest to the seam is backed by a row of another tight over-edge stitches), and is used in manufacturing shirts, jackets, blouses and jeans. Figure 10.17 shows stitch types 515 and 516. 

Cover-seam chain stitches are used in binding operations in knitted undergarments, athletic shirts and infant wear. These stitches are very strong, and elastic, which are used extensively by manufacturers of knit garments to cover raw edges and prevent raveling. They may be used for attaching flat knit or ribbed knit collars. 

Superimposed seam is achieved by two or more separate fabric pieces put together. This is one of the most recognized methods of seaming. Superimposed seam is sewn with a lockstitch, chain stitch, over-edge stitch or safety stitch. 

Lee, J.S., Hong Seok, J., Yu, W.-R., Kang Tae, J., 2007. The effect of blank holder force on the stamp forming behavior of non-crimp fabric with a chain stitch. Compos. Sci. Technol. 67 (3), 357-366. 

The reaction of [NaMg(N Pt2)3] with two molar equivalents of phenylacetylene in the presence of TMEDA yields the bimetalUc complex [(TMEDA)2Na2Mg2(PhC=C)4(N Pr2)2] 61 (Fig. 40). This complex exists as a near-Hnear tetranuclear Na -Mg---Mg"-Na chain stitched together by acetyHdo and amido bridges. It is a contacted ion pair of two terminal [Na(TMEDA)] cations and a heteroleptic dinuclear dianion [Mg2(C=CPh)4(N-Pr2)2]" . 

The chain stitch, also known as the Ari stitch, has been found to be particularly interesting in the construction of textile-based sensors. The chain stitch is geometrically similar to crochet, which allows it to have very specific textile properties. A highly useful technique, the chain stitch is generally used for constructions such as kettle and moss embroidery. Because moss embroidery machines are built differently than traditional embroidery machines, careful attention must be given to select the correct machine for the end application. 

Embroidery is a method that can be used to apply a given yam material, or monofilament, to a textile substrate in a defined geometry (Gries and Klopp, 2007). Three kinds of embroidery methods are currently defined in the literature chain stitch embroidery, standard embroidery and TFP. 

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