Centrifugal microfluidic platform

Badr, I.H.A., Johnson, R.D., Madou, M.J., Bachas, L.G., Fluorescent ion-selective optode membranes incorporated onto a centrifugal microfluidics platform. Anal. Chem. 2002, 74(21), 5569-5575. 

The centrifugal microfluidic platform uses inertial and capillary forces on a rotating microstructured substrate for liquid actuation. Relevant inertial (pseudo-) forces include the centrifugal force, Euler force and Coriolis force. The substrate is often disk-shaped. Liquid flow is possible in two dimensions but with the limitation that active liquid transport is always directed radially outwards. Active components can be limited to one rotational axis. 

Table 4 shows some applications that have been realized on the centrifugal microfluidic platform. At the top of the applications section, sample preparation modules (plasma separation, DNA extraction) are shown. This is followed by assays based on the detection of proteins, nucleic acids and small molecules (clinical chemistry). Two additional applications are presented at the end of the table, demonstrating chromatography and protein crystallization. Some instmctive examples are discussed in more detail below. 

TABLE 4. Overview and examples of unit operations and applications for the centrifugal microfluidic platform. 

Also a protein crystallization assay has been demonstrated on the centrifugal microfluidic platform [198]. First, a defined volume of the protein solution is dispensed into the protein inlet and transported into the crystallization chamber. Afterwards, the preloaded precipitant is metered under rotation and transferred into the crystallization chamber as soon as a hydrophobic valve breaks. In the last step, the preloaded oil is released at... 

RotationaUy Controlled Sacrificial Valves Sacrificial materials have been used for integration of multiplexed assays on centrifugal microfluidic platforms. Compared to geometrical valves, the sacrificial materials also provide a vapor and liquid barrier by physically sealing the microchannels. These sacrificial valves are typically actuated by onboard liquid while the disc is under rotation. At low rotational... 

Kinahan DJ, Kearney SM, Dimov N, Glynn MT, Ducree J (2014) Event-triggered logical flow control for comprehensive process integration of multi-step assays on centrifugal microfluidic platforms. Lab on a Chip 14(13) 2249-2258... 

The centrifugal microfluidic platforms utilize primarily the rotationally controlled centrifugal field in combination with capillary forces to network a range of laboratory unit operations... 

Puckett LG, Dikici E, Lai S, Madou MJ, Bachas L, Daunert S (2004) Investigation into the applicability of the centrifugal microfluidics platform for the development of protein-ligand binding assays incorporating enhanced green fluorescent protein as a fluorescent reporter. Anal Chem 76 7263-7268... 

M. Grumann, et al. Batch-mode mixing on centrifugal microfluidic platforms. Lab Chip, 2005, 5, 560-565. 

Siegrist, J, Gorkin R, Qime L at al. (2010) Serial siphon valving for centrifugal microfluidic platforms. Microfluidics and Nanofluidics 55-63 DOI 10.1007/s10404-009-0523-5... 

J. Steigert, et al.. Integrated Sample Preparation, Reaction, and Detection on a High-frequency Centrifugal Microfluidic Platform, JALA, The Association for Laboratory Automation, 331-341, Oct 2005... 

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