Cellulose Compound

Group of plastics composed of cellulose compounds, for example esters (e.g., cellulose acetate) and ethers (e.g., ethyl cellulose). 

Most conventional chemical and petrochemical plants do not process many, if any, non-Newtonian fluids. However, polymers, grease, hea y oils, cellulose compounds, paints, fine chalk suspensions in water, some asphalts, and other materials do exhibit one type or another of the characteristics of non-Newtonians, classified as ... 

Uses Rocket fuel coatings industry solvent for cellulosic compounds, polymers, waxes, fats gasoline additive organic synthesis. 

Compounds of this type are unstable, and hydrolyse in water, hence sodium hydroxide can be completely removed by water washing. In effect swollen cellulose is produced. Formerly, in view of the difficulty of removing the water contained in such cellulose by drying, it was called hydrated cellulose, the idea that it represented a water-cellulose compound, a cellulose hydrate , being current at that time. 

The conversion to carbonate was tried with a 400-book treatment run in which the excess diethyl zinc was destroyed with alcohol after partially backfilling the chamber with carbon dioxide. After adding water to hydrolyze the zinc cellulosate compound, the backfilling with carbon dioxide was continued to nearly atmospheric pressure to force the damp carbon dioxide into the books. At the same time, the atmosphere in the chamber was circulated with a fan for 24 h to insure good contact. After such treatment, paper samples from the books showed effervescence when immersed in dilute acid, indicating the presence of carbonate. Samples of paper from books previously treated with diethyl zinc (where the carbon dioxide was not used) showed no such effervescence. 

Viscose Silk.—III. From Cellulose Xanthate. We have referred to the solvent action of xanthic acid, which is the ethyl ether of di-thio-carbonic acid, viz., HS-CS-OC2H5. When sodium cellulose is dissolved in xanthic acid the cellulose is in the form of sodium cellulose xanthate. A solution properly prepared by treating cellulose with sodimn hydroxide and carbon di-sulphide in the presence of benzene or carbon tetra-chloride, in which polymerization of the cellulose compound is effected, is decomposed by forcing capillary streams of the solution into a solution of ammonium sulphate. The cellulose is thus obtained as in the other processes in the form of fine filaments of a hydrated cellulose possessing silk-like properties. Artificial silk of this type is known as viscose silk and is made in large quantities. In 1914 about 20,000,000 pounds of artificial silk were made, of which about 3,000,000 pounds were made in the United States. Most of this product was viscose silk. 

In all of the varieties of artificial silk which we have mentioned the product is probably in the form of hydrates or oxidized hydrates of cellulose. This cellulose compound is obtained as fine filaments by spraying the solution of the cellulose, in one of the various solvents, into a coagulating solution. The filaments are then spun into thread and converted into other forms desired. Whether as fiber, thread, cloth or other material the product possesses silk-like properties both as to luster, feel and ability to react with dyes. It thus has many advantages over ordinary cotton. All of the varieties of artificial silk are, however, inferior to silk itself in strength, especially when wet,... 

The major use of polymers has been as replacements for naturally occurring materials. Synthetic fibers such as nylon and polyester have substantially replaced natural textiles synthetic rubber is vastly superior to natural rubber, and the wide variety of engineering polymers (both thermosets and thermoplastics) have replaced traditional, naturally occurring materials such as metals and cellulosic compounds in many applications. 

Used in the nitration of organic compounds and explosives, in the manufacture of oxidized cellulose compounds, and as an oxidizing agent in rocket propulsion. It is an intermediate in the production of nitric and sulfuric acids. 

Swelling of cellulose fibres in alkali increases with a decrease in temperature [17] as the formation of alkali-cellulose compounds is an exothermic process. At 0 C the swelling of cellulose in alkali (8-9% by weight) is about 800% (Fig. 9-1) and swelling decreases rapidly at higher concentration of alkali due to the decrystallisation of NaOH hydrates. The extent of swelling also decreases as the... 

Nitrocellulose Imports and Exports. Imports of cellulose compounds are given from 1937 through 1947 10). They are primarily cellulose nitrate. Exports are available from 1946 through 1951 (5). 

In two closely related studies Wendler and Frazier examined, by NMR, the interaction between both model cellulose compounds [22] and wood with enriched polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pMDI) [23]. The resin formed is used commercially as a wood adhesive. Previous work [17] had shown that this reaction is sensitive to moisture, the formation of different products depending upon the degree of moisture present (Fig. 15.2.22). 

USE As sun-fast pigment in paints, lacquers, cellulose compounds and cosmetics. 

AI3-00111 CCRIS 1205 EINECS 200-876-6 HSDB 106 Methane, nitro- NM Nitrocarbol Nitrometan Nitromethane NSC 428 UN1261. Stabilizer for chlorinated solvents chemical intermediate solvent for cellulosic compounds, polymers, waxes rocket fuel, gasoline additive in coatings industry. Liquid mp = -28.5" bp = 101.1" d = 1.1371 soluble in H2O (10 g/100 ml), soluble in organic solvents LD50 (rat orl) = 1.44 g/kg. Grace W.R. Co. Whittaker Clark Daniels. 

Weigel P, Ganster J, Fink FIP et al (2002) Polypropylen-cellulose-compounds. Kunststoffe 5 95-97... 

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