Cell culture chamber

The efficient gas permeability of PDMS imposes some restrictions to the usage of the fabricated microfluidic cell culture chips. PDMS allows equilibration of the culture medium with oxygen directly from the ambient, and upon need of additional oxygenation, thin PDMS membranes (ca. 100 pm thick) can be used for controlled oxygenation of the culture medium [6]. However, in an analogous way, due to this efficient gas permeability, the chips release CO2 unless kept in a CO2 incubator, thus changing the pH inside the cell culture chamber. Consequently, PDMS-based chips cannot... 

Fig. 11 Overview of the possible uses for a multiplexed microfluidic cell culture system. Input can be used for control of the stem cell nice and drug testing. The gradient generator creates a concentration profile of the input factors. The cell culture chamber is a perfusion chamber. Analysis involves monitoring the output of the device, which can include imaging with appropriate biomarkers, analysis using Inline sensors or standard laboratory equipment [74]...

Fig. 1 Configuration of the microfabricated cell culture chip integrated with the electrochemical impedance measurement method. The cell chip consists of an eight-well cell culture chamber incorporated with a three-electrode system on each well. The gold electrode for impedance measurements is fabricated by sputtering on polycarbonate film...

The effect of resveratrol on the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase in cervical cancer HeLa cells was investigated [78]. The effect of resveratrol on the invasive ability of HeLa cells was observed with a transwell cell culture chamber. Activities of MM P-2 and MMP-9 were analyzed using gelatin zymog. Activities of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were analyzed using reverse zymog. mRNA expressions of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 in HeLa cells were detected by RT-PCR. Their protein expressions were detected by Western blotting. Activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were found to be markedly... 

Sirianni SR, Huang CC. 1980. Comparison of induction of sister chromatid exchange, 8-azaguanine- and ouabain-resistant mutants by cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide and l-(pyridyl-3)-3,3-dimethyltriazene in Chinese hamster cells cultured in diffusion chambers in mice. Carcinogenesis 1 353-355. 

Calf serum was added to the medium for cell culture to 10% concentration. T98G or U937 cells were seeded onto 25 cm2 flasks for cell culture (Nunc, Denmark). Cells were cultivated for 72 h without serum, with 10% of intact serum or 10% serum after 6 h of photodynamic treatment. After the incubation period cells were harvested with chymotrypsine and their number was calculated in a hemocy-tometer chamber. 

Casey A, Davoren M, Herzog E, Lyng FM, Byrne HJ, Chambers G (2007). Probing the interaction of single walled carbon nanotubes within cell culture medium as a precursor to toxicity testing. Carbon 45 34 40. 

Gorodeski GI and Whittembury J [1998] A novel fluorescence chamber for the determination of volume changes in human CaSki cell cultures attached on filters. Cell Biochem Biophys 29 307-332... 

Substrates are usually identified using transfected MDCK, Caco-2, or endothelial cell lines that express the transporter of interest. These cell types are grown in a monolayer on a membrane separating two chambers of culture medium (i.e., the TransweU Cell Culture Assay, Coming Costar Corp., Cambridge, MA). Drag is administered into one chamber, and drag transport across the monolayer is... 

Keywords stem cell expansion stem cell culture in vitro diffusion chambers... 

The first batch of cells consisted of AC 133+ cells cultivated in the diffusion chambers submerged on top of the feeder (feeder -AC 133 cells /Fl-C). The second batch consisted of human embryonic liver cell suspension directly cocultured with AC133+ cells at equal initial quantities (5x10 ) in the diffusion chambers submerged in the 6-well plates without additional feeder layer (FC-C). Third batch of experiments represented AC133+ cells cultured in the DC surrounded by FL condition media (condition media-AC133+ cells/CM-C). In the control group cells were cultivated in the same condition without any additions and without feeder layers. 

The culture of hybridomas, thereby producing monoclonal antibodies, may be undertaken by ascites production or by direct animal cell culture. Ascites production entails injection of the hybridoma cells into the peritoneal cavity of mice (the mice essentially serve as a live fermentation chamber). The transplanted hybridoma cells produce antibody as they grow. Ascitic fluid collects in the cavity, which contains high concentrations (up to 15 mg/ml) of the desired antibody. On average, 5 ml of this fluid can be extracted per mouse. Most of the earlier monoclonal antibody preparations were produced in this manner, e.g. OKT-3, the first monoclonal antibody to be approved for therapeutic use by the FDA (see later), is produced using this strategy. 

Drug permeability, metabolism, and toxicity can be evaluated in vitro using models of the nasal epithelial in preparation for in vivo experiments. Human nasal epithelial cell cultures and animal nasal mucosa mounted in Ussing chambers provide convenient, simple systems in which drug targeting and absorption mechanisms can be investigated under defined, controlled conditions [45],... 

Nasal tissue from animals can be mounted in Ussing chambers, permitting experiments similar to those performed in cell cultures to be performed in intact tissues. The nasal tissues of rabbits, dog, sheep, and cattle have been used and such experiments provide the reassurance that the ex vivo system is representative of the nasal mucosa in vivo. The limitations of this technique are the requirement for the use of fresh tissue, the limited duration of tissue viability, and interspecies variation in tissue permeability and metabolic capacity. 

The MiniPERM bioreactor is our method of choice for the high-density culture of hybridoma cells (Fig. 1). The modular system, consisting of a 40-mL disposable culture chamber and a 550-mL reusable nutrient module separated by a dialysis membrane (12.5 kDa molecular weight cutoff), allows for the production of a low-volume, high-density cell population with a correspondingly high antibody yield. 

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