Feedlot manure, cattle

Klein M, Brown L, Ashbolt NJ et al (2011) Inactivation of indicators and pathogens in cattle feedlot manures and compost as determined by molecular and culture assays. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 77(1) 200-210... 

Sweeten, J.M. Korenberg, K. LePori, W.A. Annamalai, K. Combustion of cattle feedlot manure for energy production. Energ. Agric. 1986,5, 55-72. 

Huffman WJ, HaUigan JE, Peterson RL, de la Garza E. Ammonia synthesis gas petrochemicals from cattle feedlot manure, bi Clean Fuels from Biomass and Wastes S5Tn-posium Papers, January 25-28, 1977, at Orlando, Florida/Sponsored by Institute of Gas Technology. Chicago Institute of Gas Technology 1977. 

Nutrient losses are reviewed in Subba Rao, N. S. 1988. Biofertilizers in Agriculture. New Delhi Oxford University Press Hansen, J. A., and K. Henriksen, eds. 1989. Nitrogen in Organic Waste Applied to Soils. London Academic Press Eghball, B., et al. 1997. Nutrient, carbon, and mass loss during composting of beef cattle feedlot manure. Journal of Environmental Quality 26 189-193. 

A Small cattle feedlot where animals were supplied with feed containing 240 g tylosin per ton of feed. 2.1% in field soils but as high as 25.8% in cattle manure... 

Berry, E. D. and Miller, D. N. (2005). Cattle feedlot soil moisture and manure content II. Impact on Escherichia coli 0157. /. Environ. Qual. 34, 656-663. 

The U.S. Department of Agriculture s 1938 Yearbook of Agriculture contains these statements One billion tons of manure, the annual product of livestock on American farms, is capable of producing 3,000,000,000 worth of increase in crops. The potential value of this agricultural resource is three times that of the nation s wheat crop and equivalent to 440 for each of the country s 6,800,000 farm operators. Since then, animal wastes have been transformed from a definite asset to a liability. By 1965, the disposal of animal excreta had become a serious problem (American Chemical Society, 1969). At any given time, an estimated 11 million cattle were on feedlots, the capacities of which ranged from 1000 to 50,000 head. 

E. coli 0157 H7 was shown to persist in feedlot surface material, and also to multiply in feedlot soils of permissible moisture and manure content (Berry and Miller, 2005). The importance of environmental persistence in the maintenance of E. coli 0157 H7 in cattle production is further suggested by several studies that have reported that most isolates on a farm or feedlot are of one to a few genetic subt) es of this organism, which may predominate for months or years (Gannon et ah, 2002 Lahti et ah, 2003 Lejeune et ah, 2004 Shere et ah, 1998). In their longitudinal study of beef cattle at a commercial feedlot, Lejeune et ah (2004) found that most... 

Studies examining the effects of caffle diet on E. coli 0157 H7 have primarily focused on fhe gasfroinfesfinal tract and fecal incidence. As a result, the interaction of dief x environment on the levels and persistence of E. coli 0157 H7 in caffle producfion has not been fully appreciafed. In addition to influencing fhe numbers of fhis pathogen that are shed in the feces, cattle diets can impact the extent to which E. coli 0157 H7 can persist in manure or feedlot surface soils. Cattle diets that result in enhanced survival in manure and the production environment can further contribute to the scenarios depicted in Fig. 4.2, by (1) increasing the opportunities for fecal-oral exposures resulting in additional or repeated... 

In vitro studies using slurries of cattle manure and urine indicated that addition of the urease inhibitor N-(ft-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) can extend the survival of coliform bacteria in the manure (Varel et ah, 2007a). However, coliform bacteria were rapidly eliminated when the plant oil thymol was used in combination with NBPT in the manure slurries (Varel et ah, 2007a). Similarly, the application of NBPT with the plant oil extracts of linalool and pine oil on surfaces of feedlot pens... 

Wells, J. E., Berry, E. D., and Varel, V. H. (2006). Effects of essential oils on viability of Escherichia coli 0157 H7 in treated beef cattle manure slurries and on prevalence from treated feedlot surfaces. J. Anim. Sci. 84(Suppl. 1), 356-357. 

---