Cationic dyeable polyester

Cationic dyeable polyester (CDPET) and regular polyester fibres differ much in chemical properties. Generally, CDPET has a slightly lower heat resistance than the regular PET, so that heat-setting temperature for CDPET is kept slightly lower than that of normal PET. Table 8.2 shows the approximate heat-setting conditions of different polyester fibres. 

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Polyester Fiber Blends. Disperse dyeable and cationic dyeable polyester fibers are frequentiy combiaed ia apparel fabrics for styling purposes. Whereas the disperse dyes dye both fibers, but ia differeat depths, selected cationic dyes reserve the disperse dyeable fiber completely, resulting ia color/white effects. 

Gives good yields with cationic dyes on cationic dyeable polyester... 

Carrier for cationic dyeable polyester. Will prevent staining regular polyester in atmospheric and pressure equipment. Excellent color yield and leveling properties. 

Dye carrier for cationic-dyeable polyester on jet and conventional dyeing equipment brilliant dyeings of color and white, and color and color in one step. 

Retarding agent for basic colors on acrylic fibers or cationic dyeable polyester--cationic. 

Use For acrylic and cationic-dyeable polyester apparel and carpet. 

M., Yamashiro, T, Nishi, K. et al. (2007) Ozone-gas treatment of cationic dyeable polyester and poly(butylene terephtha-late) fibers. /. Appl. Polym. Sci., 104 (4), 2423-2429. 

Basic dyes are applied from weakly acidic dyebaths and are used to dye acrylic and cationic dyeable polyester. The cationic positively charged portion of the dye molecule in solution aligns with an anionic, negative charged site on the fiber that the fiber manufacturers include in the polymer. The ionic bonding that occurs is the result of the anionic dyesite forming ion pairs with the quaternary amine group present as part of the dye molecule (Fiber-R NH3-Dye). 

Basic dyes were the first dye class made synthetically mauve was a basic bye. The basic dyes first were used to dye silk and wool, but they had poor fastness properties. Today basic dyes dyed on acrylics or cationic dyeable polyester have high tinctorial value they are the brightest dyes available and have unlimited color range and good fastness properties. 

The basic knowledge of the principles of SSP usually allows a generalization concerning the production of any kind of semicrystalline polyester or co-polyester. Differences regarding the reactivities are observed which are attributed to the mobilities of the components employed, e.g. PEN, cationic dyeable polymers or flame-retardant co-polyesters. 

Dyes in this group are those in which the chromogen is positively charged (i.e., cationic) and water soluble. They owe their substantivity to the electrostatic attraction between the dye and the anions formed from acid groups on the polymer chains of the fiber. Consequently, basic dyes are used largely to dye acrylic fibers. They find some use as well in coloring basic dyeable polyester. Methylene Blue (4) (Fig. 4) is an example of a basic... 

Standard polyester fibers contain no reactive dye sites. PET fibers are typically dyed by diffusiag dispersed dyestuffs iato the amorphous regions ia the fibers. Copolyesters from a variety of copolymeri2able glycol or diacid comonomers open the fiber stmcture to achieve deep dyeabiHty (7,28—30). This approach is useful when the attendant effects on the copolyester thermal or physical properties are not of concern (31,32). The addition of anionic sites to polyester usiag sodium dimethyl 5-sulfoisophthalate [3965-55-7] has been practiced to make fibers receptive to cationic dyes (33). Yams and fabrics made from mixtures of disperse and cationicaHy dyeable PET show a visual range from subde heather tones to striking contrasts (see Dyes, application and evaluation). 

Many brilliantly coloured and tinctorially strong basic dyes for silk and tannin-mordanted cotton were developed in the early decades of the synthetic dye industry. Most of these belonged to the acridine, azine, oxazine, triarylmethane, xanthene and related chemical classes their molecules are usually characterised by one delocalised positive charge. Thus in crystal violet (1.29) the cationic charge is shared between the three equivalent methylated p-amino nitrogen atoms. A few of these traditional basic dyes are still of some interest in the dyeing of acrylic fibres, notably as components of cheap mixture navies and blacks, but many modified basic dyes were introduced from the 1950s onwards for acrylic and modacrylic fibres, as well as for basic-dyeable variants of nylon and polyester [44] ... 

The majority of polyester fibres are based on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), currently accounting for about 50% of all synthetic fibres produced. Modification of the dyeing behaviour of PET fibres can be achieved by using small quantities of comonomers. For example, use of 2 mol % of the sodium salt of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid gives fibres which are dyeable with cationic dyes. 

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