Cation coated

The neutral polyphenols (pK, = 9.5 - 10.5) can associate with either the imidazolium cations coating the capillary wall or with the free cations in fhe bulk solution and thus be separated. Experiments show that the association of the polyphenols with the free imidazolium ion seems to dominate [43]. 

Mosier-Boss PA, Lieberman SH. Detection of nitrate and sulfate anions by normal Raman spectroscopy and SERS of cationic-coated, silver substrates. Applied Spectroscopy 2000, 54, 1126-1135. 

The pH sensitivity of halloysite can be enhanced by using retardant polymers, a cationic coating for the formation of a pH-sensitive polyelectrolyte shell on the nanotubes after their saturation with corrosion inhibitor. To equip the halloysite nanotubes with controlled release properties, the surface of the nanotubes was first loaded with benzotriazole and subsequently modified by LbL deposition of two polyelectrolyte bilayers, thus blocking the tubes openings with polyelectrolytes. 

The industrial development of silica sol manufacturing methods is reviewed. Primary attention is focused on the preparation of monodispersed sols from water glass by the ion-exchange method. Details are given for variations of manufacturing process and for the characteristics of both the processes and sols obtained. Furthermore, the following surface modifications of particles are demonstrated silica sols stabilized with ammonia, amine, and quaternary ammonium hydroxide aluminum-modified or cation-coated silica sol and lithium silicate. Finally, future trends in silica sol manufacturing are discussed from the viewpoint of not only raw materials and improvement of the procedures but also the function of the silica sols and their particle shape. 

Figure 7. Flow chart of production of cation-coated silica sol.

Landfester, K. J. Eisenblatter R. Rothe. Preparation of polymerizable miniemulsions by ultrasoni-cation./. Coating Technol. Res. 2004,1, 65-68. 

Physical adsorption of polymeric cationic coatings on the inner surface can be easily accomplished by equilibrating the capillary with a solution containing the polymeric additive. In some cases, the polymer remains so tightly bonded to the surface that this does not lose its coating even after performing rinses and, therefore, the polymer does not need to be included in the buffer. 

For the same purpose, Gamble et al. tested both neutral and cationic coated and uncoated capillaries and found that the best conditions for the separation of phosphopeptide isomers is formic acid or phosphate buffer with pH ranging between 5.5 and 6.5 and a PVA-coated capillary. Synthetic peptides were incubated with various protein kinases and phosphatases and the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation was monitored using CZE. These methods enabled the assay of several protein kinases and phosphatases and the determination of the sites of phosphorylation. 

Uses Antifoam for waterborne industrial and cationic coatings Features Letdown antifoam good for difficult-to-defoam systems Properties Off-wh. opaque dens. 7.8 Ib/gal flash pt. (PMCC) 160 F Use Level 0.5% (latexes), 0.75% (water-reducibles), 0.25% (solv.-based coatings/adhesives)... 

On the contrary, in CP, the photocuring of cationic coatings in industrial lines under visible light appears to be rather complex (the usual Pis mainly absorb in the UV the photosensitization of the onium salt decomposition is relatively difficult to achieve or scarcely efficient when along-wavelength excitation is desired). Fortunately, free radical promoted cationic polymerization (FRPCP) has become really interesting and is ruling out this limitation (see below). 

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