Cartridge system

Pin-Fire Cartridge System. A cartridge ignition system invented in 1836 by LeFaucheux of Paris. It was the first practical cartridge system which contained in one unit the cartridge case, the propint, the bullet and the primer cap. A version of this invention is still used today in blank pistols designed in Europe. The cap was... 

Consequently a cartridge system for the hydroformylation of a variety of different alkenes using a single batch of catalyst was developed to fully exploit the potential of this approach (Scheme 1). Four different alkenes were applied in total using the same batch of catalyst for nine consecutive catalytic cycles. Conversion was driven to completeness in all cases, with selectivities remaining unchanged. Only 1.2% of rhodium and 2.4% of phosphorus was lost in nine cycles. Representative results are shown in Table 1. 

The concurrent development of analytical techniques for the isolation, detection, and quantitation of indole alkaloids in small amounts of cellular material has been addressed by Hdfle and co-workers 134), who developed a reversed-phase system using either methanol-water-triethylamine or acetonitrile-triethylammonium formate buffer as the eluept. Two prepacked cartridge systems were found to be very effective, for the rapid preparation of the alkaloid mixture from the cell contents. ... 

Solinas M, Jiang J, Stelzer O et al (2005) A cartridge system for organometallic catalysis sequential catalysis and separation using supercritical carbon dioxide to switch phases. Angew Chem Int Ed 44(15)2291-2295... 

New water-soluble yellow dyes for ink-jet printing are similar to the initially used dye C.I. Direct Yellow 86, except that they are smaller (Fig. 13.30). The size change is designed to provide the solubility needed for high throughput ink cartridge systems, without clogging the ink-jet nozzles. 

Figure 7.1 Various column terminators. (A) Union with male thread (B) union with female thread (C) cartridge system (simplified). 1—column 2 = sintered metal and Kel-F frit 3 = union 4= 1/16 in capillary 5 — casing 6 — high-pressure seal 7 = column seal with frit 8 — retaining nut.

Both the cartridge and disc formats have their inherent advantages and limitations. For example, the SPE disc, with its thin sorbent bed and large surface area, allows rapid flow rates of solvent. Typically, one litre of water can be passed through an Empore disc in approximately 10 min, whereas with a cartridge system the same volume of water may take approximately 100 min However, large flow rates can result in poor recovery of the analyte of interest due to there being a shorter time for analyte-sorbent interaction. 

U Klotz. Comparison of theophylline blood levels measured by the standard TDx assay and a new patient-side immunoassay cartridge system. Ther. Drug Monit 15 462, 1993. 

Dual-chamber cartridge system for the lyophilized product and pen devices... 

A fully automated sample handling system has been developed for LC combining the advantages of a disposable cartridge system and precolumn technology with its high automation... 

As the limits of detection of analytical procedures have improved there has been a decrease in the amount of tissue that is extracted for quantitative analysis of plant hormones. With this decrease in extract size there has been a concomitant increase in the use of solid phase cartridge systems for sample purification. Sep-Paks, Bond Elute and other disposable cartridge systems are available with a wide range of packing materials for reverse phase, normal phase, anion-exchange, cation-exchange and adsorption based purifications. 

Details of numerous HPLC methods that can be used for the purification of plant hormones are presented in Rivier and Crozier [1]. With some tissues, partitioning, cartridge systems and/or immunoaffinity chromatography can provide adequate sample purification prior to ABA and lAA analysis. However, HPLC fractionation is almost always required before GC-SIM analysis of individual cytokinins and GAs. As illustrated in Figs 2 and 3, good separations of free GAs and cytokinins of wide ranging polarity can be obtained by gradient elution, reverse phase HPLC. 

In the spiral-wound system, membranes glued together at the ends and separated by spacers (that provide flow channels to the feed and permeate) are layered and wound around a central porous tube several times, thus forming a multilayered and cylindrical module. The feed mixture flows axially into the channels and the permeate flows spirally into a central porous tube and out of the system. A spiral-wound module has at least twice the packing density of a plate-and-frame module. Several spiral-wound modules can be lined up in series forming a cartridge system. 

In the Automotive industry there is a trend towards complete automation of production lines. In the application of adhesives/sealants for gasketing, the principles of dispensing have normally been to use a pressure-time system, or alternatively a cartridge system with a robotic head. However, a faster system is to screen print an anaerobic on to the surface of a component. 

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