Cardiovascular biomaterials

Harker LA, Ratner BD, Didishelm P (eds) (1993) Cardiovascular biomaterials and biocompatibility. Elsevier, New York... 

The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and all the blood vessels. Cardiovascular biomaterials may contact blood (both arterial and venous), vascular endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and myocardium, as well as a number of other cells and acellular matrix material that make up all biological tissue. This chapter will consider a wide range of biomaterials that interact with the heart, blood, and blood vessels. 

Thrombosis is a unique failure mode for cardiovascular biomaterials. The resulting clots may occlude the device or may occlude small blood vessels, resulting in heart attacks, strokes, paralysis, failures of other organs, etc. On the other hand, devices can also damage blood cells. Hemolysis can... 

Processing methods can have a major impact on the success or failure of a cardiovascular biomaterial. As described previously, surface features (either deliberately introduced or as the result of machining or tool imperfections), residues (from cleaning, handling, or sterilization), or process aids (either as surface residues or as bulk material diffusing from the biomaterial) can change the biological results. 

Thus it is important to establish a processing method prior to final evaluation of a cardiovascular biomaterial for use in a medical device. 

How, T.V. (1992) Mechanical properties of arteries and arterial grafts, in Cardiovascular Biomaterials, Hastings, G.W. (ed.). Springer-Verlag, London, pp. 1-35. 

Marker, L.A., Ratner, B.D. and Didisheim, P. (eds) (1993) Cardiovascular Biomaterials and Biocompatibility A Guide to the Study of Blood-Tissue-Material Interactions, Cardiovascular Pathology, 2 (3 Suppl), 1S-224S. 

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Weng Y, Chen J, Tn Q, Li Q, Maitz MF, Hnang N. Biomimetic modification of metaUic cardiovascular biomaterials from function mimicking to endothelialization in vivo. Interface Focus 2012 2(3). http //dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2011.0126. 

Schopka, S., Schmid, T., Schmid, C., Lehle, K. Current strategies in cardiovascular biomaterial functionalization. Materials 3(1), 638-655 (2010)... 

Hastings, G.W. (1992) Cardiovascular Biomaterials, Springer-Verlag, London. 

Yoganathan, A.P., Reul, H., and Black, M.M., Heart valve replacements Problems and developments. In Cardiovascular Biomaterials, ed. G.W. Hastings, Springer-Verlag, London, 1992. 

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