Carcass fats

Wood J D (1990), Consequences for meat quality of reducing carcass fatness , in Wood J D and Fisher A V, Reducing Fat in Meat Animals, Elsevier Applied Science, London. 

Adverse effects on reproduction In carcass fat, net PCB loss was attributed to metabolic loss ot PCBs 105 and 138. In lung, all congeners except 153 were retained and decreased only as a function of dilution due to growth. In liver, all congeners were retained and PCB 105 was enriched. Total PCBs in carcass averaged 80.8 mg/kg BW 24 h after treatment and about 10 mg/kg BW after 16 weeks similar trends occurred in liver and lung. Tb 1/2 tor PCB 153 was 81-101 days Toxic to dams at 64 mg/kg BW daily, but no embryotoxicity... 

However, whole soybeans may have adverse effects on the carcass fat of broilers. A standard recommendation is that the soybean product should be limited to supplying a dietary addition of 20g/kg soybean oil in order to ensure an acceptable carcass fat quality and good pellet quality. This may require that the incorporation rate of soybeans in the feed of finishing broilers should not exceed lOOg/kg. 

Animal fats fall naturally into three main groups marine, milk and carcass fats. 

Rossell, B. (2001) Origins and Chemical Properties, in Oils and Fats, Vol. 2., Animal Carcass Fats (ed. 

In addition to large increases in vegetable oil production in recent decades, a trend toward lower carcass fat contents at slaughter has also held down the rate of growth of animal fat production. This trend has been a result of two factors consumer preferences for lean meat and economic pressure to produce animals more... 

B. Rossell, ed., Animal Carcass Fats, vol. 2, Oils and Fats Series, Leatherhead Publishing, Leatherhead, U.K., 2001. 

Edible fats and/or oils, or mixtures of these, whose origin is vegetable or rendered animal carcass fats or any form of oil from a marine species that has been affirmed as GRAS or listed as a food additive for this use, any or all of which may have been subjected to an accepted process of physico-chemical modification. They may contain small amounts of other lipids such as phosphatides, or unsaponifiable constituents and of free fatty acids naturally present in the fat or oil. 

Figure 8.3 Regression of whole edible carcass fat percentage by weight on edible carcass saturated fat % by energy.

Enser, M. Animal carcass fats and fish oils (eds. J.B. Rosssell and J.L.R. Pritchard), Analysis of Oilseeds, Fats and Fatty Foods. Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, London, U.K., pp. 329-394. 1991. 

Although the secretions of the adrenal cortex are known to influence the metabolism of lipids in the intact mammal (Welt and Wilhelmi, 1950 Lukens, 1953 Folley, 1953 Engel, 1957 Hausberger, 1958 Hausberger and Hausberger, 1958b), until recently a direct influence on the metabolism of adipose tissue has been difficult to demonstrate. Many of the studies related to this problem were carried out in the intact animal and cannot be evaluated with certainty because of the possibility that the effects observed might result from secondary hormonal adjustments, particularly altered insulin secretion, or from differences in dietary intake and activity. Welt and Wilhelmi (1950) studied the uptake of deuterium into the liver and carcass fats of adrenalectomized rats and found that... 

Palmitic acid n-hexadecanoic acid, CH3-(CH2)i4-COOH, a fatty acid, M, 256.4, m.p. 63 °C, b.p.igo 271.5 °C, b.p.i5 215 °C. Together with stearic acid. Pa. is one of Ae most widely distributed natural fatty acids, and is present in practically all natural fat e.g. 36% in palm oil 29% in bovine carcass fat, 15 % in olive oil it is also found in phosphatides and waxes. Pa. is the taw material for the manufacture of candles, soap, wetting agents and antifoams. 

The CLA content of beef samples from several countries is presented in Table 8.5. Factors that influence the CLA content of ruminant carcass fat should be similar to those that influence milk fat CLA, particularly diet. The highest values were from Australian beef with levels up to 17 mg CLA/g fat (9). These samples were obtained during a time when animals would have been largely pasture fed. Steers grazing pasmre as a sole food source in Ireland had a CLA content of 10.8 mg/g fat. When pasture was substituted by various levels of concentrate or silage, the CLA level dropped to 3.7 mg/g fat (47). In the United States (Kentucky), 1-y-old... 

CRINA Pigs was tested on pigs. The results for the rst 21-day period showed that males grew faster, ate less, and exhibited superior FCR compared to females. Although female carcass weight was higher, males had a signi cantly lower carcass fat than females (Losa, 2001). 

Kobayashi and Takasaki, 1985 Aniold et al., 1992a), or the carcass fat composition of lambs (Spillane and L Estrange, 1977). Arnold et al. (1992a) reported that vitamin E supplementation was without effect on meat pH, microbial load, or longissimus steak tenderness, juiciness or meat flavor intensity. 

Bartov, 1. (1977) Lack of effect of dietary ascorbic acid on stability of carcass fat and meat of broilers. Brit. Poult. Sci. 18, 553-555. 

Spillane, C. and L Estrange, J.L.L. (1977) The performance and carcass fat characteristics of lambs fattened on concentrate diets. 2. Effects of cereal source and of vitamin E and cobalt supplementation on early-weaned lambs and on store lambs. Ir. J. Agric. Res. 16, 205-219. 

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