Carboxylic acids, incompatibilities with

TETRINE ACID (60-00-4) CioH.sNjOg A weak organic (carboxylic) acid. Reaction with dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, nitrites, sulfides, forms flammable and/or toxic gases + heat. Incompatible with acids, azo compounds, epoxides and other polymerizable compounds oxidizers, sulfuric acid, reducing agents bases, ammonia, aliphatic amines alkanolamines, alkylene oxides cyanide salts and cyanide solutions (forms... 

Precaution DOT Flamm. solid flamm. in dust form when exposed to flame or by chem. reaction with C2H2 NH3 bromoazide CIF3 ethylene imine H2O2 oxalic acid H2SO4 tartaric acid incompat. with acetylene, carboxylic acids, etc. 

Most of these procedures are incompatible with common linkers, and are therefore unsuitable for the transformation of support-bound substrates into carboxylic acids. A more versatile approach for this purpose is the saponification of carboxylic esters. Saponifications with KOH or NaOH usually proceed smoothly on hydrophilic supports, such as Tentagel [19] or polyacrylamides, but not on cross-linked polystyrene. Esters linked to hydrophobic supports are more conveniently saponified with LiOH [45] or KOSiMe3 in THF or dioxane (Table 13.11). Alternatively, palladium(O)-mediated saponification of allyl esters [94] can be used to prepare acids on cross-linked polystyrene (Entries 9 and 10, Table 13.11). Fmoc-protected amines are not deprotected under these conditions [160],... 

Addition of chemicals without careful consideration may break an emulsion. An emulsion prepared with ionic surfactants should not be mixed with chemically incompatible materials of opposite charge. The pH of the emulsion should be alkaline if the emulsion is made with alkali soaps. At an acidic pH, the carboxylate ion of the soap is converted to the carboxylic acid, which is not water-soluble and an emulsifying agent. An alkali-soap stabilized O/W-type emulsion may be inverted to a W/O-type emulsion by adding a divalent electrolyte. The carboxylate ion reacts with the divalent electrolyte to form an alkali earth soap that is an oil-soluble surfactant. Addition of a common electrolyte to an emulsion prepared with ionic surfactants suppresses the ionization according to the Le Chatelier rule (e.g., ammonium oleate and ammonium chloride). The presence of noninteractive electrolytes in the emulsions alters the polar nature of the interfacial film. For example, the... 

Stxlium salts of the barbiturates are readily prepared and are water soluble. Their aqueous. solutions generate an alkaline pH. A classic incompatibility is the addition of an agent with an acidic pH in solution, which rc.sults in formation and precipitation of the free water-insoluble disubsliluied barbituric acid. Sodium salts of barbiturates in aqueous solution decompose at varying rates by base-catalyzed hydrolysis, generating ring-opened sails of carboxylic acids. 

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