Carbon tetrachloride Cresol

Pseudo Cyanocobalamin Dissolve 1.0 mg of sample in 20 mL of water contained in a small separator, add 5 mL of a 1 1 (v/v) mixture of carbon tetrachloride cresol, and shake well for about 1 min. Allow the layers to separate, and draw off the lower layer into a second small separator. Add 5 mL of 1 7 sulfuric acid, shake well, and allow the solution to separate completely, centrifuging if necessary. The separated upper layer is colorless or has no more color than a mixture of 0.15 mL of 0.1 N potassium permanganate in 250 mL of water. 

The procedure of simultaneous extracting-spectrophotometric determination of nitrophenols in wastewater is proposed on the example of the analysis of mixtures of mono-, di-, and trinitrophenols. The procedure consists of extraction concentrating in an acid medium, and sequential back-extractions under various pH. Such procedures give possibility for isolation o-, m-, p-nitrophenols, a-, P-, y-dinitrophenols and trinitrophenol in separate groups. Simultaneous determination is carried out by summary light-absorption of nitrophenol-ions. The error of determination concentrations on maximum contaminant level in natural waters doesn t exceed 10%. The peculiarities of application of the sequential extractions under fixed pH were studied on the example of mixture of simplest phenols (phenol, o-, m-, />-cresols). The procedure of their determination is based on the extraction to carbon tetrachloride, subsequent back-extraction and spectrophotometric measurement of interaction products with diazo-p-nitroaniline. 

Hydroxybenzoic acid has been prepared by heating potassium phenoxide in a stream of carbon dioxide or with carbon tetrachloride, and by heating jfr-cresol with alkalies and various metallic oxides. The procedure described above is similar to one which appears in the early literature ... 

Acetone Carbon tetrachloride, chloroform/o-chlorophenol, chloroform// -cresol, chloroform/hexafluoroisopropanol, chloroform/methanol (up to 60%), o-dichlorobenzene, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dioxane, ethylacetate, FC-113, haxane, methylethylketone, N-methylpyrrolidone, pyridine, quinoline, cyclohexane, dodecane... 

FIGURE 6.3 Molecular weight of polystyrene (PS) as a function of solvent and solvent concentration A = -butylmercaptan, B = carbon tetrabromide, C = carbon tetrachloride, D = o-cresol, E = p-cresol, F = m-cresol, G = phenol, H = s-ec-butylbenzene, 1 = cumene, J = ethylbenzene, K = chloroform, L = -heptant, M = toluene, N = benzene, where [S] = concentration of chain-transfer agent and [M] = concentration of styrene monomer. 

Other reported syntheses include the Reimer-Tiemann reaction, in which carbon tetrachloride is condensed with phenol in the presence of potassium hydroxide. A mixture of the ortho- and para-isomers is obtained the para-isomer predominates. -Hydroxybenzoic acid can be synthesized from phenol, carbon monoxide, and an alkali carbonate (52). It can also be obtained by heating alkali salts of -cresol at high temperatures (260—270°C) over metallic oxides, eg, lead dioxide, manganese dioxide, iron oxide, or copper oxide, or with mixed alkali and a copper catalyst (53). Heating potassium salicylate at 240°C for 1—1.5 h results in a 70—80% yield of -hydroxybenzoic acid (54). When the dipotassium salt of salicylic acid is heated in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide, an almost complete conversion to -hydroxybenzoic acid results. They>-aminobenzoic acid can be converted to the diazo acid with nitrous acid followed by hydrolysis. Finally, the sulfo- and halogenobenzoic acids can be fused with alkali. 

To a three-necked, round-bottomed flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, dropping funnel, and condenser is added a solution of 4.95 gm (0.05 mole) of phosgene in 200 ml of dry carbon tetrachloride. The solution is vigorously stirred while the rapid addition of 5.8 gm (0.05 mole) of hexamethylenediamine and 4.0 gm (0.10 mole) of sodium hydroxide in 70 ml of water takes place. The reaction is exothermic while the polyurea forms. After 10 min, the carbon tetrachloride is evaporated off on a steam bath or with the aid of a water aspirator. The polyurea is washed several times in a blender and air-dried overnight to obtain 5.0 gm (70 %), inherent viscosity 0.90 (in w-cresol, 0.5 % concentration at 30°C), polymer melt temperature approximately 295°C. 

N 3.38% pale red plates mp, darkens at 220° and explds violently at 228°. Sol in chlf, carbon tetrachloride toluene insol in It petr. Prepn is by reacting an aq soln of Tl diethyl hydroxide with 4-nitro-m-cresol Ref A. Goddard, JCS 119,1310-15 (1921) CA 15,3635 (1921)... 

Bis[2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl] Tellurium Dichloride 1 In a 250 m/, two-necked flask fitted with a reflux condenser and a nitrogen inlet are placed 5.0 g (18 mmol) of tellurium tetrachloride, 4g (37 mmol) of 1-hydroxy-4-methylhenzenc, and 100 m/ of carbon tetrachloride. The mixture is heated to reflux under nitrogen until evolution of hydrogen chloride ceases (100 h). The mixture is then allowed to cool, the precipitate is collected and washed thoroughly with carbon tetrachloride to remove excess cresol followed by benzene to remove unrcacted tellurium tetrachloride. The residue is recrystallized from methanol yield 2.8 g (36%) m.p. 206-212°. 

Ultrasonic interferometry has been used to study ternary mixtures of dimethylsulphoxide, phenol and o-cresol in carbon tetrachloride. The variation of adiabatic compressibility and intermolecular free length with the concentration suggested the occurrence of complex formation by intermolecular hydrogen bonding, which was confirmed from IR spectra [90]. 

Zincke-Suhl reaction. Phenol-dienone rearrangement of p-cresols by addition of carbon tetrachloride in the presence of aluminum chloride, with formation of 4-methyl-4-trichloromethylcyclo-hexa-2,5-dienone. 

Cresol purple always has a dark color which indicates the presence of the quinoid structure. W. R. Orndorff and A. C. Purdy find that the crystalline material contains about 1% of water. The crystals appear to reflect a dark green light, and yield a dark red powder when pulverized. It is slightly soluble in water (yellow), dissolves readily in methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, and glacial acetic acid, but is insoluble in benzene, ether, carbon tetrachloride, petroleum ether, and ethyl acetate. Its melting point is not clearly defined. 

ACETIC ACID, DIMETHYLAMIDE (127-19-5) C4H9NO Combustible liquid [explosion limits in air (vol %) 1.8 to 13,8 flashpoint 158°F/70°C oc autoignition temp 914°F/490°C Fire Rating 2]. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, halogenated compounds carbon tetrachloride hexa-chlorocyclohexane. Reacts violently in the presence of iron. Incompatible with mineral acids, strong acids, ammonia, isocyanates, phenols, cresols. Attacks many plastics, rubber, and coatings. When heated to decomposition, emits carbon oxides,... 

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