Carbon offsets

Wright, L. L., and Hughes, E. E. (1993). "U.S. Carbon Offset Potential Using Biomass Energy Systems. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 70 483-497. 

Lithium isotope data from carbonate shells of other marine invertebrates have been reported. Hoefs and Sywall (1997) determined isotopic compositions of seven different species of modem bivalves from the North Sea coast. These samples had a relatively small range in 5 Li (+15 to +21), which corresponds well to the seawater-carbonate offset from inorganic calcite and modem corals (Marriott et al. 2004). 

Under the Clean Development Mechanism plan of the UN, 4.8 billion was paid in 2006 to developing countries for reducing their C02 emissions. These credits have been sold to richer nations at an average price of 10.70/ ton. Of the total of 4.8 billion, China received 3 billion, and all of Africa, 0.15 billion. In comparison to the 10.70/ton rate, in the EU market carbon credits are traded at 28/ton. The Dell Company, for example, has bought carbon offsets in Hungary that will be backed by the planting of trees. 

NativeEnergy Learn about and purchase carbon offsets at www.native energy.com. 

A carbon offset is a kind of financial instrument one offset represents a reduction of one metric ton of carbon dioxide or its equivalent in other greenhouse gases, such as methane. The average car getting thirty miles to the gallon and being driven 12,000 miles a year produces about 3.5 tons of carbon dioxide, so it would require 3.5 offsets to balance it out and make the driver carbon neutral — 20 to 50, depending on the project the offset is used to finance. Burt s Bees purchases about 25,000 worth of offsets annually. 

Trexler, M. C. and Meganck, R. (1993). Biotic carbon offset progams sponsors of or impediment to economic development Climalv Res. 3,29-136. 

Wara, M.W, Victor, D.G., 2008, A Realistic Policy on International Carbon Offsets, Working Paper 74, Stanford Program on Energy and Sustainable Development, Stanford University, Stanford, CA. 

Carbon offset It is the process of reducing the net carbon emissions of an individual or organization, either by their own actions or through arrangements with a carbon-offset provider. 

AF-11 Support Optimized Departure Management on Existing Runways BP-05 Create a Carbon Offset Purchasing Strategy... 

BP-04 Develop Climate Change and Energy Communication Matenals and/or Information Center BP-05 Create a Carbon Offset Purchasing Strategy BP-06 Develop and Apply or Sell Carbon Offsets BP-07 Offer Voluntary Carbon Offsets for Passengers... 

For instance, ILUC can be solved by adopting a PES (payment for environmental service) scheme in which the landowners are paid to conserve the land for carbon offsets. However, competitiveness of these schemes depends largely on the price of carbon dioxide (which is nevertheless hard to estimate precisely) and should in any case not be lower than the prohts from feedstock production. 

Since the offset market is mostly unregulated, buyers need to select their offsets cautiously and ensure that the offsets they purchase meet recognized standards. Carbon offsetting helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and other atmospheric... 

Owen AD, Hanley N (eds) (2004) The econmnics of climate change. Routledge, New York, p 115 Sausen R, Schumann U (2007) Aviation carbon offset programmes. ICAO J 6(5) 13... 

---