Carbon-hydrogen-oxygen compound combustion

A key concept in using this procedure is mass balance, which goes back to the reason that we always work with balanced chemical equations. That is, for every mole of H2O observed from combustion, there must have been two moles of H atoms in the unknown carbon-hydrogen (or carbon-hydrogen-oxygen) compound. Similarly, for every mole of GO2 observed, there must have been one mole of carbon in the unknown compound. 

Vitamin C is essential for the prevention of scurvy. Combustion of a 0.2000 g sample of this carbon-hydrogen-oxygen compound yields 0.2998 g CO2 and 0.0819 g H2O. What are the percent composition and the empirical formula of vitamin C ... 

Pflra-cresol (p-cresol) is used as a disinfectant and in the manufacture of herbicides. A 0.4039 g sample of this carbon-hydrogen-oxygen compound yields 1.1518 g CO2 and 0.2694 g H2O in combustion analysis. Its molecular mass is 108.1 u. For p-cresol, determine its (a) mass percent composition (b) empirical formula (c) molecular formula. 

Writing and Balancing an Equation The Combustion of a Carbon-Hydrogen-Oxygen Compound... 

To determine an enthalpy change with Hess s law, we need to combine the appropriate chemical equations. A good starting point is to write chemical equations for the given combustion reactions based on one mole of the indicated reactant. Recall (see page 114) that the products of the combustion of carbon-hydrogen-oxygen compounds are C02(g) and H20(l). 

Hexachlorophene, a compound made up of atoms of carbon, hydrogen, chlorine, and oxygen, is an ingredient in germicidal soaps. Combustion of a 1.000-g sample yields 1.407 g of carbon dioxide, 0.134 g of water, and 0.523 g of chlorine gas. What are the mass percents of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and chlorine in hexachlorophene ... 

The determination of the carbon-hydrogen-oxygen content of a compound by combustion analysis involves realizing that all of the carbon has formed carbon dioxide, all of the hydrogen has formed water, and the amount of oxygen present in the original compound must be determined by difference. 

E. J. Prosen. Combustion in a Bomb of Compounds Containing, Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen. In Experimental Thermochemistry, vol. 1 F. D. Rossini, Ed. Interscience New York, 1956 chapter 6. 

To obtain accurate results the design of the apparatus is critical, and recently marked improvements have been made in techniques of combustion calorimetry for compounds containing only carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, it is possible to obtain heats of combustion to within i 0 05 per cent, in favourable cases. In general terms the reaction here is of the type... 

When the organic compound to be analyzed contains only carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur after closed-flask combustion as described above, the resultant solution will be dilute sulfuric acid. In this case, it is more convenient to use acidimetry as the mode of finish. For this purpose, the solution in the Schoniger flask is transferred into a 100-mL conical flask, boiled for 2 min to remove residual hydrogen peroxide, and then titrated with 0.01 N sodium hydroxide, with methyl red as the indicator ... 

Briefly describe each of the following ideas or methods (a) mole of a compound (b) structural formula (c) oxidation state (d) carbon-hydrogen-oxygen determination by combustion analysis. 

General Incineration (oxidation) is the best-known method for the removal of gaseous industrial waste. Combustible compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are converted to carbon dioxide and water by the overall exothermic reactions [Eq. (13.72)]. When chlorinated or sulfur-containing compounds are present in the effluent, the products of combustion include HCl/CE or S02/S03. ... 

Suppose we burn 46 grams of ethanol. Collection of the products yields 88 grams of carbon dioxide and 54 grams of water. We wish to learn the relative numbers of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in the compound, and we can do this by calculating the number of moles of carbon dioxide and water produced by the combustion of the 46 gram sample. Therefore, we calculate ... 

Determine the empirical formula of an organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen by combustion analysis (Example M.4). 

M.12 A compound produced as a by-product in an industrial synthesis of polymers was found to contain carbon, hydrogen, and iodine. A combustion analysis of 1.70 g of the compound produced 1.32 g of C02 and 0.631 g of H20. The mass percentage of iodine in the compound was determined by-converting the iodine in a 0.850-g sample of the compound into 2.31 g of lead(II) iodide. What is the empirical formula of the compound Could the compound also contain oxygen Explain your answer. 

Combustion reactions are redox reactions in which the chemical species rapidly combines with oxygen and usually emits heat and light. Reactions of this type are extremely important in our society as the sources of heat energy. Complete combustion of carbon yields carbon dioxide, and complete combustion of hydrogen yields water. The complete combustion of hydrocarbons, organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen, yields carbon dioxide and water ... 

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