Carbon dioxide Colloids

Kameo Azusa, Yoshimura Tomokazu, and Esumi Kunio. Preparation of noble metal nanoparticles in supercritical carbon dioxide. Colloids. Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 215 no. 1-3 (2003) 181-189. 

Y01 Yoshida, E. and Nagakubo, A., Convenient synthesis of microspheres by self-assembly of random copolymers in supercritical carbon dioxide. Colloid Polym. Sci., 285, 441, 2007. 

Cohen-Stuart, M.A. (2008) Synthesis of polyhedral particles by dispersion polymerization in supercritical carbon dioxide. Colloid and Polymer Science, 286,1435 536. 

Sulphates, silicates, carbonates, colloids and certain organic compounds act as inhibitors if evenly distributed, and sodium silicate has been used as such in certain media. Nitrates tend to promote corrosion, especially in acid soil waters, due to cathodic de-polarisation and to the formation of soluble nitrates. Alkaline soils can cause serious corrosion with the formation of alkali plumbites which decompose to give (red) lead monoxide. Organic acids and carbon dioxide from rotting vegetable matter or manure also have a strong corrosive action. This is probably the explanation of phenol corrosion , which is not caused by phenol, but thought to be caused by decomposition of jute or hessian in applied protective layers. ... 

Lacy-Keller A process for removing hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans from natural gas by absorption in a proprietary solution. Elemental sulfur precipitates as a colloid and is separated from the solution by means of an electrolytic flotation cell. The process does not remove carbon dioxide. 

The dispersion polymerization of styrene in supercritical CO2 using amphiphilic diblock copolymers to impart steric stabilization has been investigated. Lipophilic, C02-insoluble materials can be effectively emulsified in carbon dioxide using amphiphilic diblock copolymer surfactants. The resulting high yield (> 90%) of polystyrene is obtained in the form of a stable polymer colloid comprised of submicron-sized particles (Canelas et al., 1996). 

Calcium carbonate, either powdered limestone or precipitated chalk, is used as an anti-acid in dynamite where it serves as a satisfactory stabilizer. Urea is used in dynamite and in celluloid. It reacts with nitrous acid to produce nitrogen and carbon dioxide, and is unsuitable for use in smokeless powder because the gas bubbles destroy the homogeneity of the colloid and affect the rate of burning. The small gas bubbles however commend it for use in celluloid, for they produce an appearance of whiteness and counteract the yellowing of age. 

Oxanilide and many other carbonaceous materials, incorporated in the grains of colloided powder, yield powders which are flashless in guns of the smaller calibers and, in many cases, are as powerful, weight for weight, as powders which contain none of the inert, or at least non-explosive, ingredients. If nitrocellulose burning in the gun produces 1 mol of carbon dioxide and a certain amount of other gaseous products, then nitrocellulose plus 1 mol of carbon under the same conditions will produce 2 mols of... 

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