Carbide-derived carbon structure

Carbide-Derived Carbons (CDC) An interesting property of the transition metal carbides is that the metal can be selectively leeched from the carbide network by chlorine to form a nanosolid porous carbide-derived carbon structure (CDC)... 

Weltz, S., McNallan, M., and Gogotsi, Y. Carbon structures in silicon carbide derived carbon. J. Mater. Process. Tech. 179, 2006 11-22. 

While oxidation is mainly used for purification of carbon nanostructures, it may also be an efficient tool for size control and surface modification. By selectively oxidizing, for example, smaller carbon nanotubes or diamond crystals, it can provide a simple technique for narrowing size distributions in carbon nanomaterials. Finally, modification of the porosity (activation) of carbon is another example of controlled oxidation and may allow optimization of the pore structure and surface area of nanoporous carbide-derived carbon (CDC) for various applications. 

Fiset, E., J. S. Bae, T. E. Rufford, S. Bhatia, G. Q. Lu, and D. Hulicova-Jurcakova. 2014. Effects of structural properties of silicon carbide-derived carbons on their electrochemical double-layer capacitance in aqueous and organic electrolytes. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry 18 703-711. 

FIGURE 4.6 Sic crystal structure showing (a) the stacking sequence of bilayers along c-axis (0001) and (b) the plane of the three most common SiC polytypes. (Cambaz, G.Z., Formation of Carbide Derived Carbon Coatings on SiC, in Materials Science and Engineering. 2007 Philadelphia, PA Drexel University.)... 

Kormann, M., Gerhard, H., and Popovska, N. Comparative study of carbide-derived carbons obtained from biomorphic TiC and SiC structures. Carbon Al, 242-250, 2009. 

Popovska, N. and Kormann, M. Processing of porous carbon with tunable pore structure by the carbide-derived carbon method. Jom 62, 44-49, 2010. 

It is important to note that the commonly used term average pore size is insufficient to describe a complex pore structure, and it is even misleading for many porous materials because it does not reflect (i) the magnitude, and (ii) the modality of the pore size dispersion that is, how narrow the pore size distribution centers around one or several maxima. Only carbons with a very narrow pore size distribution, such as CNTs, some carbide-derived carbons (CDCs), and many template-produced carbons, exhibit a meaningful pore size average, whereas most activated carbons or hierarchic porous materials exhibit a much broader distribution of pore sizes. 

Torop J, Palmre V, Amlepp M, Sugio T, Asaka K, Aabloo A (2011) Flexible supercapacitor-like actuator with carbide-derived carbon electrodes. Carbon 49 3113-3119 Vargantwar PH, Roskov KE, Ghosh TK et al (2012) Enhanced biomimetic performance of ionic polymer-metal composite actuators prepared with nano structured block ionomeis. Macromol Rapid Commun 33(l) 61-68... 

It has been previously shown that selective etching of carbides is an attractive technique for the synthesis of various carbon structures. Carbon produced by extraction of metals from carbides is called carbide-derived... 

However, the electrodes which are used in supercapacitors have far more complex topologies than planar surfaces. The nanoporous carbons, such as the nanotubes, " cluster-assembled nanostructured carbons, nano-onions or carbide-derived nanoporous carbons have surfaces which are mostly curved, and can also contain many topological defects. It is important to understand how this impacts the structure of the adsorbed electrolytes and the resulting capacitance of the interface, even in the absence of confinement effects. 

Dash RK, Yushin G, Gogotsi Y et al (2005) Synthesis, structure and porosity analysis of microporous and mesoporous carbon derived from zirconium carbide. Micropor Mesopor Mater 86(l-3) 50-57... 

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