Capillary array electrophoresis CAE

In a different approach a super-high-throughput ee-assay was developed on the basis of chirally modified capillary array electrophoresis (CAE).90 CAE was used in the Human Genome Project, and commercially available instruments have been developed which comprise a high number of capillaries in parallel, for example the 96-capillary unit MegaBACE consisting of 6 bundles of 16 capillaries.91 The system can address a 96-well microtiter plate. It was adapted to perform ee-determinations of chiral amines, which are potentially accessible by catalytic reductive amination of ketones, transition metal catalyzed Markovnikov addition of ammonia, or enzymatic hydrolysis of acetamides (Scheme 14).90... 

Capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE) with polymer solutions is about 8 to 10 times faster than slab gel electrophoresis. However, the single-lane nature of CE was unable to compete in throughput with slab gel instruments, which are run in parallel. This led to the development of capillary array electrophoresis (CAE) [38] in 1992. As the name suggests, electrophoresis is performed in an array of capillaries to run multiple samples in parallel. Figure 8.20 shows a microfabricated capillary array system [39] on a glass wafer consisting of 96 channels. 

The microfluidic chip uniquely facilitates high-throughput genetic analysis. For instance, 12 different samples were analyzed in parallel by capillary array electrophoresis (CAE) see Figure 9.20. The two-color method was used for... 

In traditional analytical chemistry the determination of enantiomeric purity is sometimes carried out by capillary electrophoresis (CE) in which the electrolyte contains chiral selectors such as cyclodextrin (CD) derivatives [54], Unfortunately the conventional form of this analytical technique allows only a few dozen ee determinations per day. However, as a consequence of the analytical demands arising from the Human Genome Project, CE has been revolutionized in recent years so that efficient techniques for instrumental miniaturization are now available, making ultra-high-through-put analysis of biomolecules possible for the first time [55]. Two different approaches have emerged, namely capillary array electrophoresis (CAE) [55a - e] and CE on microchips (also called CAE on chips) [55f - m[. Both techniques can be used to carry out... 

In analogy to SGE, where multiple samples can be separated in parallel, capillary array electrophoresis (CAE) systems were developed to enhance the... 

This last concept has been extended to what is known as capillary array electrophoresis (CAE) (Huang et al., 1992 Kheterpal and Mathies, 1999), wherein there may be as many as 96 capillaries in parallel in instmments currently available (Zubritsky, 2002). This increases the throughput drastically. Such devices were the workhorse of the human genome analysis. Scaling up to 1000 capillaries has also been reported (Kheterpal and Mathies, 1999). Capillary array electrophoresis enables easy and parallel loading of multiple samples as well as rapid and parallel separation and detection using appropriate detection techniques. 

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