Cancer modulating

It has been suggested that tamoxifen, one of the most effective therapeutic and chemopreventive agent for breast cancer, modulates protein kinase C through oxidative stress in breast cancer cells [194], Unfortunately, most breast cancers initially responsive to tamoxifen treatment later become resistant. Schiff et al. [195] suggested that the conversion of breast tumors to a tamoxifen-resistant phenotype is associated with oxidative stress and depends on significantly enhanced SOD activity in tumors. 

Cannabinoid CBj Human cDNA Motor function, memory, analgesia, convulsion, Parkinson s disease, emesis, glaucoma, pain, cancer Modulation of neurotransmitter release, sleep disturbance, weight loss, antiemetic activity locomotor disfunction, bronchodilatation, neuroprotection, memory loss... 

Trosko JE, Chang C-C, Madhukar BV, et al. 1995. Intercellular communication A paradigm for the interpretation of the initiation/promotion/progression model of carcinogenesis. In Chemical induction of cancer Modulation and combustion effects. 205-225. 

Singh, J., Hamid, R., and Reddy, B.S., Dietary fat and colon cancer modulation of cyclooxygenase-2 by types and amount of dietary fat during the postinitiation stage of colon carcinogenesis, Cancer Res.,... 

Arcos, J.C. and Argus, M.F., Multifactor interaction network of carcinogenesis a Tour Guide , Chemical Induction of Cancer Modulation and Combination Effects, in Arcos, J.C., Argus, M.F., and Woo, Y.T., Eds., Birkhauser, Boston, 1995 pp. 1-20. 

Jongen, W.M.F. (1996) Glucosinolates in Brassica occurrence and significance as cancer-modulating agents. Proc. Nutr. Soc., 55, 433 6. 

The cancer modulating properties of rooibos and honeybush were subsequently reported on and these studies provided the first evidence for the in vivo modulation of tumor promotion 54,59,60). In a 7,12-... 

DEREK for Windows is a computer-based application that uses a knowledge base approach to predict toxic hazards (including carcinogenicity) of chemicals. It is developed by Lhasa Limited (http //www.lhasalimited.org/index.php cat=221 owner=220 sub cat=221), with SAR contribution from members. The cancer module contains alerts describing structural features associated with carcinogenicity. Each alert is supported by comment, references, and examples describing the evidence on which it has been based. 

Cancer modules Changed activity-oriented literature search... 

Alterations to the P53 gene are the most common genetic defects known in cancer [5]. The protein product of P53 is involved in a number of pathways that directly and indirectly lead to apoptosis. Many genes that are involved in apoptosis can be induced by this protein, which is a transcriptional transactivator. The emerging hypothesis is that p53 is a central node of a complex apoptotic network that may function differ ently in diver se cell types and tissues. For example, Bax, the prototype proapoptotic member of the Bcl2 family, can be transcriptionally induced by p53 in certain, but not all, cell types. Like p53, Bax can modulate the extent to which cells are sensitive to apoptosis caused by therapeutic agents. 

Since selective modulation of MDR transporters in cancer cells is difficult to achieve, attempts to circumvent MDR will have to face the profound effects on the distribution of concomitantly administered drugs. 

Studies with fenretinide in woman with stage I breast cancer did not show an overall effect of decreasing the risk of contralateral breast cancer. A protective effect could only be observed in premenopausal women, probably due to the modulation of the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) by fenretinide in this population. 

Selective Sex Steroid Receptor Modulators Targeted Cancer Therapy... 

In addition to those described above, some of the newest compounds emerging in SERM development are ER 3-selective ligands and pathway-selective modulators that target the interaction of the ERs with the transcription factor NFkB. While such compounds are in the early stages of clinical evaluation, thus far they demonstrate great potential for use in the treatment of inflammatory disorders such as arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and like other SERMs, cancer [4]. 

Jordan VC (2007) Chemoprevention of breast cancer with selective oestrogen-receptor modulators. Nat Rev Cancer 7 46-53... 

We have gained considerable insight into the therapeutic potential of this protein through the use of TGF-(3 antagonists and transgenic mice with defective TGF-(3 signaling and we have evaluated the potential toxicity of TGF-(3 modulation and its overall efficacy in treating cancer. FC Soluble Type II Receptor... 

Raponi M, Belly RT, Karp JE, Lancet JE, Atkins D, Wang Y. Microarray analysis reveals genetic pathways modulated by tipifarnib in acute myeloid leukemia. BMC Cancer 2004 4 56. 

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