Camphorated tincture of opium paregoric

The use of opium dates to 4,000 b.c. At that time it was used for medicinal and recreational purposes mainly via inhalation. Today few opium-containing preparations are used, since the activity of opium is largely attributed to its morphine content. The preparations in use today are those that have constipative effects useful for the treatment of diarrhea. Preparations include pantopon, an injectable hydrochloride of opium alkaloids, and paregoric, a camphorated tincture of opium. Paregoric can be used to treat infants with opioid withdrawal signs following in utero exposure to opioids. 

The constipating effect of orally administered opiates can be used for the treatment of diarrhea, as with camphorated tincture of opium (Paregoric or Parepectolin, which is a paragoric plus kaolin as an adsorbent and pec-... 

Octreotide (Sandostatin, Sandostatin LAR) Paregoric [Camphorated Tincture of Opium]... 

Paregoric [Camphorated Tincture of Opium] [C lll] [Narcotic Antidiarrheal] Uses D, Pain neonatal opiate withdrawal synd Action Narcotic Dose Adults. 5—10 mL PO daUy-qid PRN Peds. 0.25-0.5 mL/kg daily-qid Neonatal withdrawal 3-6 gtt PO q3-6 h PRN to relieve Sxs x 3-5 d, then taper ovo 2-4 wk Caution [B (D w/ prolonged use/high dose near term, +]... 

Papaver somniferum (opium poppy) contains a variety of opioid and related alkaloids, including codeine, morphine, noscapine, papaverine, and thebaine. Crude opium is the air-dried latex obtained by incising the unripe capsules of P. somniferum. Paregoric is ammoniated tincture of opium (Scotch paregoric) or camphorated tincture of opium (English paregoric). The use of these formulations has largely been replaced by use of the purified compounds. 

Caz horated Tincture of Opium. (Paregoric Elixir). This is a camphorated tincture of opium. Macerate X drachm each powdered opium and benzoic acid, 1 fluid drachm oil of anise, 2 ounces clarified honey, and 2 scruples camphor, in 2 pints dilut alcohol for 7 days, and filter through paper. (27. S. Ph.)... 

Opiates decrease intestinal motility thereby decreasing persistalsis. Constipation is a common side effect. Examples are tincture of opium, paregoric (camphorated opium tincture), and codeine. Opiates are frequently combined with other antidiar-rheal agents and can cause central nervous system (CNS) depression when taken with alcohol, sedatives, or tranquillizers. Duration of action is about 2 hours. 

Another old remedy is paregoric (camphorated tincture of opium), which drastically slows the motion of the intestine. 

Camphorated Tincture of Opium, B.P, (Paregoric). A compound tincture composed of benzoic acid, camphor, anise oil and tincture of opium, in alcohol. It contains 0 05 per cent w/v of anhydrous morphine. 

Opium can be taken by mouth or it can be smoked, but since smoking was unknown in Europe and Asia until Columbus brought news of it from the New World, opium smoking did not exist before 1492. Many oral preparations of opium were made in the past. Two that survive into our own times are paregoric, a dilute tincture of opium combined with camphor, and deodorized tincture of opium, formerly known as laudanum, which is more, concentrated. 

Natural opioids, that is, opioids extracted directly from opium include codeine—used for dental and other postoperative pain laudanum, paregoric—a mild tincture of opium mixed with camphor and used primarily for control of diarrhea and morphine. Heroin is a partial synthetic that combines morphine and diacetyl... 

Opioid derivatives used to treat diarrhea are listed in Table 27-3. Opium tincture (laudanum) and camphorated opium tincture (paregoric) are naturally occurring opiates that are very potent inhibitors of peristalsis. These natural agents are still available for treating diarrhea, but they have essentially been replaced by newer opioids such as diphenoxylate and loperamide. These newer opioids are somewhat less potent but may produce fewer side effects. 

Opium tincture and camphorated opium tincture (Paregoric) have long been used as effective antidiarrheal agents. The bad taste of these liquid preparations and their abuse potential (Schedule II and III, respectively) serve to limit their use and to favor newer agents. Codeine sulfate or phosphate salt, as a single agent, is sometimes used for the short-term treatment of mild diarrhea. 

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