Calcium in cells

Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1989,568 - several articles in this volume deal with calcium in cells and membranes. 

Celery petiole The role of calcium in cell-wall firmness Taylor and Vamer (22)... 

Interact with antigens increasing the concentration of calcium in cells which in turn induces transcription of the interleukin that stimulates growth and differentiation of T-cells. Interleukin is a hormone of the immune system that is important in the body s response to microbial infections. 

Harman AW, Maxwell MJ. An evaluation of the role of calcium in cell injury. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 1995 35 129-144. 

The role of calcium in cell division is controversial. The measurement of cation fluxes in synchronized cultures of Tetrahymena shows an influx of calcium 30 minutes prior to the initiation of cell division.440 However, there is also an influx of magnesium, and it has been suggested441 that the fluctuation of these metals during the synchronized division cycle is an effect rather than a cause. 

Farber J.L. 1981 The role of calcium in cell death. Life Sci 29, 1289-1295. 

Although cell injury results in increased calcium, which causes a variety of damaging effects, the cause and effect relationship of calcium in cell damage is not known. The chemicals that cause liver damage by this mechanism include quinines, peroxides, acetaminophen, iron, and cadmium. 

GLAISTER, J.R. (1986) Principles of Toxicological Pathology (London Taylor Francis). HARMAN, A.W. and MAXWELL, M.J. (1995) An evaluation of the role of calcium in cell injury. Ann. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 35, 129. 

L.C. Penning, M.H. Rasch, E. Ben-Hur, T.M. Dubbelman, A.C. Havelaar, J. Van der Zee, J. Van Steveninck (1992). A role for the transient increase of cytoplasmic free calcium in cell rescue after photodynamic treatment. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1107, 255-260. 

Recently, a chameleon calcium reporter has been designed by R.Y. Tsien to sense calcium in cells by FRET. The structure of the system is based on a CEP separated from an YEP by the calmodulin calcium binding protein (CaM) and a calmodulin binding peptide (M13). If Ca ions are bound, CaM wraps around Ml 3 allowing high efficiency of excitation transfer from the donor CEP to the acceptor YEP (see Figure 9). The degree of FRET in chameleon is a sensitive ratiometric reporter (ratio 527/434 YPE/ CEP) of the calcium concentration in cells and in solution. The beauty of this approach is that the... 

Rasmussen, H., Goodman, D.B.P., Tenenhouse, A, The role of cyclic AMP and calcium in cell activation. Critical Reviews Biochem. 1, 95-148 (1972)... 

---