CADD software

Application Incompatibility. Records developed in one application may not be functionally compatible with another application even though both have the same operating role. For example, one vendor s CADD software may not be able to read another vendor s CADD software data (even though the reverse transaction may be possible). As a result, migrations in applications either over time or between facilities can be problematic in operating practice. This kind of compatibility erosion can challenge continued operations. 

Computer based design tools, such as computer aided draft and design (CADD) software, can provide powerful and effective means to develop piping layouts. Much of the commercially available software can improve productivity and may also assist in quality assurance, particularly with interference analyses. Some CADD software has the ability to generate 3-dimensional drawings or 2-dimensional drawings, bills of material, and databases. 

Insulation thickness must be accounted for in pipe clearances. To avoid interferences, composite drawings of the facility are typically used. This is greatly aided by the use of CADD software. However, as mentioned previously in this chapter, communications between engineering disciplines must be maintained as facilities and systems are typically designed concurrently though designs may be in different stages of completion. 

Further information about software for computer aided drug design (CADD) is available at the website http //www.netsci.org/Resources/Sojiware/Modeling/CADD/. 

Since the 1970s. the cost of hardware has decre-ased and the power of computers has increased dramatically. These impressive hardware advances, coupled with advances in software and more efficient algorithms, have made computer-based niixlcling accessible to anyone. At one time. CADD was the exclusive domain of industry and. some specialized academic laboratories. Expensive computer graph-... 

Among the questions that must be considered by the new user are What are the basic CADD tools How and in what sequence they should be applied Which tools work best for a particular situation What can reasonably be expected to be gained from a particular computational technique A wide variety of methods has become part of the computational repertoire that medicinal and computational chemists apply to drug design problems. This chapter surveys some of the important molecular modeling methods and some of the software that implements these methods. 

On the one hand, some observers of the field of CADD have proclaimed that the new technology can slash the time and expense of developing new products. However, it would be simplistic to think that the arduous process of finding and developing a pharmaceutical product will suddenly become facile with increased use of software. 

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