Bullet core designs

There is also a wide variety of bullet core/bullet jacket designs without even considering compositional differences. Bullets are unjacketed, or... 

A bullet specifically designed to shatter car windshields and to retain sufficient energy to wound the occupant is manufactured under the name of Equaloy. It is designed not to exit from soft targets. The bullet had a semi-wad-cutter profile, an aluminum alloy core, and is coated with white nylon.90... 

The thickness and hardness of the jacket can vary between the base and the nose of the bullet, with the nose portion thinner for better expansion on impact or thicker for greater penetration of the target. The way the jacket is physically attached to the core can vary. This depends on the desired effect of the bullet on the target, either the controlled expansion of the bullet, greater penetration of the bullet, or the prevention of core and jacket separation. Figure 11.3 illustrates some different physical designs.66... 

AP rifle bullets usually have a bullet tip filler (usually lead) which is designed to cushion the effect of the impact on the AP core, which is very hard and brittle and can break on impact without a cushioning effect. The AP core is also frequently surrounded with a thin sheath of lead between the core and the bullet jacket. The AP core is usually hardened steel such as tungsten/carbon, tungsten/chromium, manganese/molybdenum, chro-mium/vanadium, or chromium/molybdenum. 

KTW bullet The original design had a hard steel or tungsten steel core with a copper gas check and the current version is a solid brass or bronze bullet without a gas check. Both have a gliding metal half jacket and the exposed portion of the bullet is coated with green-colored Teflon. 

Another German design was a jacketed bullet with a hollow in the nose. On impact the steel plug squashed the glass ampoule against the lead core, causing the fluid to pour out of the nose cavity. This is illustrated in Figure 11.13. 

The challenge of initiator development was to design a source of sufficient neutron intensity that released those neutrons only at the precise moment they were needed to initiate the chain reaction. In the case of the uranium gun that requirement would be relatively easy to meet, since the alpha source and the beryllium could be separated with the bullet and the target core. But the implosion bomb offered no such convenient arrangement for separation and for mixing. Polonium and beryllium had to be intimately conjoined in Fat Man at the center of the plutonium core but inert as far as neutrons were concerned until the fraction of a microsecond when the imploding shock wave squeezed the plutonium to maximum density. Then the two materials needed instantaneously to mix. 

Even without penetration, modem pistol bullets contain enough energy to cause blunt force trauma under the impact point. Vest specifications will typically include both penetration resistance requirements and limits on the amount of impact energy that is delivered to the body. Vests designed for bullets offer little protection against blows fi om sharp implements, such as knives, arrows or ice picks, or from bullets manufactured of non-deformable materials, that is, those containing a steel core instead of lead. This is because the impact force of these objects stays concentrated in a relatively small area, allowing them to puncture the fiber layers of most bullet-resistant fabrics. 

Bullets with no exposed lead (a copper case completely surrounds the lead core) or entirely copper significantly reduce (or eliminate) lead exposure nine copper fragments seven inches from the wound channel. Overall, both of these bullet designs fragmented very little and left no lead. ... 

Bullet performance drives Barnes designs. Whether a Barnes bullet contains a lead core or not depends on the desired terminal performance. We have several lines of products manufactured from lead-free materials that were developed for their performance. These happen to meet the criteria set forth under the Condor Preservation Act, but we still manufacture the premium Original line of jacketed, lead-cored bullets. A lead ban would remove the very foundation on which our company was built. 

Speer loads Lawman Clean-Fire with Speer TMJ. The lead core is completely and seamlessly encased in jacket material so powder gases can t burn lead off the bullet base. This design is superior to other base cap bullets where the caps can loosen, leaking lead and destroying accuracy. 

CleanRange loads are designed to eliminate airborne lead and the need for lead retrieval at indoor ranges. CleanRange uses lead-free primers, but its lead core is copper jacketed for a fully encap-sulated bullet. This eliminates lead and heavy metal exposure... 

Premier Copper Solid rifle ammo is a polymer-tipped copper bullet that is designed to address - other than what every other bullet in every other manufacturer s line addresses, extreme accuracy with devastating penetration - the identified problem with condors eating gut piles, bullet fragmentation or the core s weight retention. ... 

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