Bulk specific gravity

Explosive Detonation pressure, GPa Bulk specific gravity Detonation velocity, km/s Contains high explosives Heat of detonation kj /g Excavated vol relative to equal wt of TNT... 

Explosive Detonation pressure (kbar) Bulk specific gravity Detonation velocity (m/sec) Impedance (m/aec) Heat of detonation (cal/g) Nominal cost ( /lb) Excavated volume relative ti> equal weight of TNT 1... 

Oxidizer Fuel Pounds oxidizer/pound fuel stotchio metric Maximum Bulk specific gravity maximum 7iV Theoretical T a li,p... 

Note 1 As was mentioned in Note 1 under item B the US MIL-STD-650 (Ref 21) does not make any distinction betw Bulk Apparent Densities. It defines them in Method 201.1 as "weight per unit of outside volume, which may include voids in Method 201.2 as "weight per unit of apparent volume and in Method 201.3 as "weight per unit of packed volume , which means that the specimen is dropped and tapped to dispel voids Note 2 Accdg to Ref 13, p 877, "It is not always possible to say whether a given measurement refers to bulk specific gravity, to apparent specific gravity, or to some intermediate value, since the determination of solid volume depends on the nature of the substance used to permeate the voids and on the nature of the pores in the solid ... 

For the screening test phase, three replicate specimens of each combination of independent variables were made, and each of the indicator or control tests was run on the specimens of sulfur-asphalt concrete. These indicator tests (dependent variables) included bulk specific gravity, air voids, voids in the mineral aggregate (VMA), resilient modulus, Hveem stability, Marshall stability, and Marshall flow. Table II presents the range of dependent variables determined during the screening test for the AAS system mixtures. 

Sieve size Opening Percenl retained by weight Cumulative percent retained by weight Bulk specific gravity s.s.d. basis Percent retained by volume Cumulative percent retained by volume... 

According to JIS R 5201, the autoclaved cement paste specimens were tested for flexural and compressive strengths, and their bulk specific gravity were also measured. 

Fig. 3 shows the relationship between percentage of scrap FRP powder addition and bulk specific gravity. It shows a similar tendency to the above-mentioned relationship in Fig. 2. There exists an obvious quantitative relationship between bulk specific gravity and strengths as shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 3 The relationship between scrap FRP powder addition and bulk specific gravity...

Furthermore, above-mentioned similar relationship between bulk specific gravity and strengths is seen as shown in Fig. 7. 

Keywords artificial woods, bulk specific gravity, carbon fibers, FRP powder, hardness, nail withdrawal, strengths... 

Shirasu balloon (bulk specific gravity 0.40, particle size 30-100pm) was used for a lightweight aggregate. 

The pieces 40><40x5Qmm which were cut from the portions of the specimens broken in flexural test were tested for bulk specific gravity in absolute dry condition according to JIS A 5416[Autoclaved Lightweight Concrete Panels (ALC Panels)], Section 7.2. 

Fig. 4 Carbon fiber content vs. bulk specific gravity of artificial woods.

The flexural strength of artificial woods is greatly improved by the addidon of carbon fibers. The flexural deformation behavior of the artificial woods is markedly improved by using carbon fibers, HPMC and shirasu balloon. The bulk specific gravity, hardness and compressive strength of the artificial woods decrease with increasing carbon fiber content, HPMC content and shirasu balloon content. 

The mix proportions of artificial woods which can be nailed are recommended in 4. From an economical viewpoint, the carbon fiber content in the mix proportions can be reduced to 2 vol%. The optimum mix proportions with a carbon fiber content of 2 vol% is given in Table 7. The bulk specific gravity, flexural and compressive strengths of an artificial wood with the optimum mix proportions are 0.9, 12.0MPa and 19.0MPa respectively. The artificial wood also has good wood-processability like natural wood. 

The bulk specific gravity of an artificial wood with the above optimum mix proportions is larger than that of calcium silicate-based wood-like materials, and their flexural and compressive strength are higher than those of the calcium silicate-based materials. 

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