Stability Hveem

Binder Added, w/o Marshall Stability, lb Flow, 1/100 in Hveem Stability, pet Air Void, pet Dynamic Modulus, psi... 

Table III. Comparison of Marshall and Hveem Stability Results for Mixture Designs of Various Type Binders and Aggregates...

No difficulties were encountered at the plant or at the paving site. The procedures used for preparing and laying the sulfur-asphalt mixes were identical to those used for the non-sulfur-containing mixes. Hveem stabilities of the plant-mixed materials as measured in the field laboratory compared quite well with those of the design mixes as shown in Table IV. 

Mix design is the choice of the best combination of aggregate, binder, and compaction effort to produce desirable pavement material properties. The choice has been made normally based on the results of simple indicator and control tests such as the Marshall stability, Marshall flow, Hveem stability, resilient modulus, and indirect tension tests. 

For the screening test phase, three replicate specimens of each combination of independent variables were made, and each of the indicator or control tests was run on the specimens of sulfur-asphalt concrete. These indicator tests (dependent variables) included bulk specific gravity, air voids, voids in the mineral aggregate (VMA), resilient modulus, Hveem stability, Marshall stability, and Marshall flow. Table II presents the range of dependent variables determined during the screening test for the AAS system mixtures. 

The hot mixes are designed by using a standard laboratory compaction procedure to develop a composition reflecting established criteria for volume percent air voids, total volume percent voids between aggregate particles, flow and stability, or compressive strength. Tests such as the Marshall, Unconfined Compression, Hubbard-Field, Triaxial Procedure, or the Hveem stabilometer method are used (109). 

Marshall stability (lb) (min.) Marshall flow (1/100 in.) Hveem stability (%)... 

Figures 9 and 10 show that Hveem stability will increase with sulfur content and decrease with increasing asphalt content. This is in agreement with the results observed in the Marshall tests. With the exception of 10% sulfur with asphalt contents greater than 5.5%, all mixes investigated exceeded the suggested test limits of 37 for heavy traffic shown in Table III.

Asphaltic Concrete. Nine asphaltic concrete mixtures prepared by conventional techniques using the crushed limestone and rounded gravel aggregates were used as a basis for comparison with S-A-S mixtures. The Marshall stability and flow, unit weight, percent air voids, and Hveem stability values for these mixtures with 75 compaction blows are shown in Table V. These data reflect the superior properties inherent... 

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