Nail withdrawal

This standard consists of 22 test methods, some of which are used in evaluating high-density rigid polyurethane foams for furniture applications. These methods are concerned with fastener-holding properties Lateral Nail Resistance Test, Nail Withdrawal Test, Nail-Head Pull-through Test, and Direct Screw Withdrawal Test. 

Keywords artificial woods, bulk specific gravity, carbon fibers, FRP powder, hardness, nail withdrawal, strengths... 

The cured specimens were firstly checked up on the possibility of nail driving by using a nail of 2.45mm (in diameter) x45mm (in length). The specimens into which the nail could be driven were tested for nail withdrawal according to JIS Z 2101. Furthermore, the specimens were evaluated for saw-ability by using a hand saw. 

The nail withdrawal of the above artificial woods is over 25N/mm, which is about twice higher than that of Japanese ceder. 

Table 3 shows the test results for various properties. Even though the density of the chip form material is three times that of lauan plywood, the separation strength, warping strength, and nail withdrawal resistance properties were all found to be about the same as for the lauan plywood. Also the amount of formaldehyde released (the amount of vaporized formalin, a solvent used in the adhesive), was found to be less than 1/40 of the amount released by the lauan plywood. 

Abnormal pigmentation of the palate, nail beds, and the skin of the face and neck has been reported. The duration of such pigmentation after withdrawal is unknown. The effects on the nails resemble those seen with chloroquine (SEDA-12, 692) (SEDA-12, 241). 

Mepacrine causes a marked yellow discoloration of the skin and often also the conjunctivae. This is often combined with a blue-black discoloration of the palate and a curious discoloration of the nails, which can be brownish-black, yeUowish-green, or sometimes white fluorescent in appearance. This phenomenon is related to the cumulative dose, though it is occasionally also seen with shortterm use. The discoloration disappears after withdrawal. Mepacrine-induced discoloration shows up under Wood s lamp as a brilliant yeUow-green fluorescence of the nails and palms of the hands and also of the urine. 

A previously healthy 63-year-old man, who had taken quinidine gluconate 972 mg/day for 9 months, developed diffuse edematous erythema on the extensive surfaces of the hands, arms, and face, with marked accentuation over the joints. His nail-fold capillaries were dilated and the shoulder abductors were shghtly weak. His erythrocyte sedimentation rate was shghtly raised (29 mm/hour) and there was a positive ANA titer (1 640) with a speckled pattern. There were no antibodies to Sm, ribonucleoprotein, SSA or SSB antigens, or histones. There was no evidence of inflammatory myopathy on electromyography, and a skin biopsy showed a mild, superficial, perivascular, lymphocytic inflammation with positive direct immunofluorescence for IgG and IgM at the dermoepidermal junction. There was no evidence of malignancy. All these abnormalities resolved rapidly after quinidine withdrawal. 

To make small batches of ANTI, open the cannister with a finger nail and put in enough iodine crystals to make it one quarter full with the hypo, withdraw I cc... 

Onychomadesis, complete separation and subsequent shedding of the nail plate, beginning at the proximal nail fold (unlike onycholysis, which begins distally), has been attributed to valproate [382 ]. Onychomadesis of both the thumbnails and two toenails developed after 4 years of treatment and gradually resolved after valproate withdrawal. 

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