Brevibacterium lysine

L-lysine (N-acetyl-L-lysine) Brevibacterium ketoglutamicum Nocardia sp. hom 75... 

Auxotrophic mutants are used in the production of end products of branched pathways, ie pathways leading to more than one amino add at the same time. This is the case for L-lysine, L-methicmine, L-threonine and L-isoleudne in Brevibacterium flavum and Corynebacterium glutamicum. 

Amino acids, e.g. glutamate, lysine Corynebacterium glutamicum Brevibacterium flavum Supplementation of feeds/food intravenous infusion fluid constituents... 

Lysine, threonine Corynebacterium glutamicum, Brevibacterium flavum, Escherichia coli Essential amino-acids, added to supplement low grade protein... 

In the best-documented example of the formation of lysine, the product is formed from aspartate which reacts via aspartylphosphate and aspartate semialdehyde to lysine. The wild type of Brevibacterium lactofermentum does not produce any lysine. With the following steps the yield could be increased to 50 g IT1 ... 

Nomura et al. (1987a) attempted to minimize product inhibitory effect on the aspartate kinase step in lysine biosynthesis and enhance L-lysine production from Brevibacterium Jlavum QL-5 using a combined ED-F system. However, lysine production was not statistically different from that obtained in diffusion dialysis fermentation and about 20% greater than that achieved during conventional fermentation, thus making practically ineffective such a use of ED. 

A fermentation process for producing lysine was made possible by using mutants of Corynebacterium glutamicum or Brevibacterium flavum. Both auxotrophic and regulatory mutants have been obtained for overproduction of lysine. Figure 30.19 shows the biosynthetic... 

L-Lysine Glucose Brevibacterium Jlavum Corynebacterium glutamicum Micrococcus glutamicus Serratia marcesens... 

L-Lysine is produced by some mutants induced from wild strain of glutamate-producing bacteria including Corynebacterium glutamicum, Brevibacterium lactofermentum, and B. flavum in the presence of high concentrations of sugar and ammonium ions at neutral pH and under aerobic condition [2]. 

A peptidoglycan, of different type from that of other species of Cellulo-monas, has been isolated from C. cartalyticum L-Lysine replaces ornithine and the interpeptide bridge consists of d-aspartyl-D-serine. The same peptido-glycan type has been identified in Arthrobacter luteus, Brevibacterium liticum, and Corynebacterium manihot. 

Sauer U, Eikmanns BJ (2005) The PEP-pyruvate-oxaloacetate node as the switch point forctubon flux distribution in bacteria. EEMS Microbiol Rev 29 765—794 Schrumpf B, Schwarzer A, Kalinowski J, Puhler A, Eggeling L, Sahm H (1991) A functionally split pathway for lysine synthesis in Corynebacterium glutamicium. J Bacteriol 173 4510-4516 Shiio I, Miyajima R (1969) Concerted inhibition and its reversal by end products of aspartate kinase in Brevibacterium flavum. J Biochem 64 849-859 Shinfuku Y, Sorpitipom N, Sono M, Furusawa C, Hirasawa T, Shimizu H (2009) Development and experimental verification of a genome-scale metaboUc model for Corynebacterium glutamicum. Microb Cell Fact 8 43-57... 

Fig. 24.26. Regulation in lysine biosynthesis in Brevibacterium flavum and Corynebacterium glutamicum. (ASA aspartate semialdehyde DHDP dihydrodipicolinate Hse hemoserine DAP diaminopimelate.) (Microbial Technology, 2nd ed., VoL 1, p. 220, Academic Press, New York, 1979.)...

Ion-exchange resins are used for isolation of lysine from fermentation broths. The eluted lysine then is crystallized from water. The most common commercial form of lysine used in animal feed is 98 percent lysine monohydrochloride. It is equivalent to 78.4 percent of the amino acid lysine, which can be metabolized by animals to body proteins. The supplementation level is about 0.5 percent lysine in feed. When the Brevibacterium mutant is used to produce lysine, the entire fermentation broth may be evaporated and dried, and the dried product used as animal feed supplement. 

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