Breaking, primary

In network polymers, of course, surfaces can only be created by breaking primary bonds, but these may be relatively widely spaced. Crystalline thermoplastics and indeed amorphous polymers with very long molecules may behave (in this respect) more like network polymers because crystals or entanglements act as effective aross-links. 

SPX EFR generic events" (see tinnex 2) which correspond to non-quality of the equipment or fabrication plug left in an assembly leg, fan blade break, primary pump coupling break. 

All the x-type mers and all the O-type mers are now bound with covalent bonds, and the mers within each polymer molecule are no longer interchangeable. For example, two mers of the x type cannot be interchanged without breaking primary covalent bonds. For the same reason, the O-type mers cannot be interchanged with the x-type mers any longer. 

The phosphite efficiency in hydroperoxide reduction decreases in the order phosphites > alkyl phosphites > aryl phosphites > hindered aryl phosphites. Hindered aryl phosphites can also act as chain breaking primary antioxidants when substituted by alkoxy radicals but their activity is lower than that of hindered phenols but in oxidizing media at high temperatures the hydrolysis of aryl phosph(on)ites takes place and produces hydrogen phosph(on)ites and phenols which are effective chain-breaking antioxidants. Multifunctional stabilizers such as those containing HAS-phosph(on)ites moieties show a superior efficiency due to the intramolecular synergism—Table 6 [49]. 

It is important to recognize the approximations made here the electric field is supposed to be sulficiently small so that the equilibrium distribution of velocities of the ions is essentially undisturbed. We are also assuming that the we can use the relaxation approximation, and that the relaxation time r is independent of the ionic concentration and velocity. We shall see below that these approximations break down at higher ionic concentrations a primary reason for this is that ion-ion interactions begin to affect both x and F, as we shall see in more detail below. However, in very dilute solutions, the ion scattering will be dominated by solvent molecules, and in this limiting region A2.4.31 will be an adequate description. 

The most noteworthy reaction of azo-compounds is their behaviour on reduction. Prolonged reduction first saturates the azo group, giving the hydrazo derivative (C NH-NH C), and then breaks the NH NH linkage, with the formation of two primary amine molecules. If method (1) has been employed to prepare the azo-compound, these two primary amines will therefore be respectively (a) the original amine from which the diazonium salt was prepared, and (6) the amino derivative of the amine or phenol with which the diazonium salt was coupled. For example, amino-azobenzene on complete reduction gives one equivalent of aniline, and one of p-phenylene diamine, NHaCeH NH benzene-azo-2-naphthoI similarly gives one equivalent of aniline and one of... 

Breaking a bond to a primary hydrogen atom m propene requires less energy by 42 kJ/mol (10 kcal/mol) than m propane The free radical produced from propene is allylic and stabilized by electron delocalization the one from propane is not... 

Sterile Filtration of Gases. Primary appHcations for sterile gas filtration are the sterilization of fermentor inlet air, fermentor vent gas, vents on water for injection tanks, and vacuum break filters during lyophilization. Operational and process considerations apply. Typically, the membrane in gas... 

Homogeneous Sonochemistry Bond Breaking and Radical Formation. The chemical effect of ultrasound on aqueous solutions have been studied for many years. The primary products are H2O2 there is strong evidence for various high-energy intermediates, including HO2,... 

Safety. A large inventory of radioactive fission products is present in any reactor fuel where the reactor has been operated for times on the order of months. In steady state, radioactive decay heat amounts to about 5% of fission heat, and continues after a reactor is shut down. If cooling is not provided, decay heat can melt fuel rods, causing release of the contents. Protection against a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA), eg, a primary coolant pipe break, is required. Power reactors have an emergency core cooling system (ECCS) that comes into play upon initiation of a LOCA. 

Deposits that can be recovered without having to use explosives or other primary energy sources to break up the material in place ate called unconsoHdated deposits. These may be found stratified or disseminated as sutficial or subsurface deposits on the continental shelf or in deep ocean basins. 

These primary particles also contain smaller internal stmctures. Electron microscopy reveals a domain stmcture at about 0.1-p.m dia (8,15,16). The origin and consequences of this stmcture is not weU understood. PVC polymerized in the water phase and deposited on the skin may be the source of some of the domain-sized stmctures. Also, domain-sized flow units may be generated by certain unusual and severe processing conditions, such as high temperature melting at 205°C followed by lower temperature mechanical work at 140—150°C (17), which break down the primary particles further. 

Most flavors that are designed for beverage alcohol products use ethanol as the primary solvent for the flavor. Glycerol [56-81-5] propylene glycol [57-55-6] and water are other common solvents in Hquid flavors. Some beverage alcohol concepts require the addition of an emulsified flavor, either as a vehicle to solubilize the oils in the beverage or as a deflberate attempt to cloud the product. This can best be accompHshed at lower proofs with the alcohol breaking the emulsion. 

---